英语动词的语法归纳
英语动词的语法归纳
在学习英语语法时，动词的语法可以说是重中之重。那么你知道英语动词有哪些语法知识吗?下面由学习啦小编为大家整理的英语动词的语法归纳，希望大家喜欢!
英语动词的语法归纳
动词
1)表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。
2)根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词(Notional Verb)、系动词(Link Verb)、助动词(Auxiliary Verb)、情态动词(Modal Verb)。
说明：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如：
We are having a meeting. 我们正在开会。(having是实义动词。)
He has gone to New York. 他已去纽约。(has是助动词。)
3)动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词(Transitive Verb)、不及物动词(Intransitive Verb)，缩写形式分别为vt.和vi.。
说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。例如：
She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。(sing在此用作不及物动词。)
She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。(sing用作及物动词。)
4)根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词(Finite Verb)、非限定动词(Non-finite Verb)例如：
She sings very well. 她唱得很好。(sing受主语she的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings。)
She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。(to learn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。
说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式(Infinitive)、动名词(Gerund)、分词(Participle)。
5)根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类，分别是：单字词(One-Word Verb)、短语动词(Phrasal Verb)、动词短语(Verbal Phrase)例如：
The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。(contains是单字动词。)
Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries. 学生们学会查字典。(look up是短语动词。)
The young ought to take care of the old. 年轻人应照料老人。(take care of是动词短语。)
6)动词有五种形态，分别是：原形(Original Form)、第三人称单数形式(Singular From in Third Personal)、过去式(Past Form)、过去分词(Past Participle)、现在分词(Present Participle)。
英语动词归类
一、动词的分类
1.be 动词(am, is, are, was, were)
系动词(look, seem, feel, taste, smell, sound等)
情态动词(can, could, may, might, shall, should, must)
实义动词(及物动词与不及物动词)
2.谓语动词(根据时态变化)
非谓词动词(根据句型的变化)
3.非谓语动词分类
动词不定式
动词的原型(或叫省略to的不定式)
动词的ing
二、系动词：
1、be+表语(adj,介词短语，名词短语，构成一般现在时或一般过去时)
eg：I am an English boy名词短语
she is at school 介词短语
Lilei is strong 形容词
Maria was born in Beijing
They were in the library just now
2、系动词：look,seem, feel, taste, smell 之后加adj
eg：Jim looks happy today.(不可用happily)
The food tastes good(不可用well)
三、情态动词：
1、can与could：
①表示能力时，can为现在或将来的能力，could为过去能力
eg：I can singthis song (现在的能力)
She could swim when she was five.(过去的能力)
②表示请求允许表征求对方意见时，could更为委婉
eg：Can I helpyou? 基本上等同于
Could I help you? (相对更诚肯一些)
2、may与might
①表示猜测意义“可能”
He may know 他可能知道
②表示请求允许或征求对方意见时，等同于can与could.
eg：May I help you ?
May I speak to Lucy?
3、must意为必须
eg：Must Lucy finish the work at once?
Yes, she must. No, she needn’t (否定回答必须改为needn’t 或don’t haveto)
4.mustn’t 不准
needn’t不必要
eg：You mustn’t swim in the river, It’s dangerous.
You needn’t go shopping at once, you can go tomorrow.
5、shall 与should 与第一人称搭配，可表示提建议
eg：shall I goto the zoo with Lilei?
四、谓语动词：
1、谓语动词的4种形式：
①动词的第三人称单数
a. 一般情况下在动词之后加s
b.以 s, x, ch,sh, o结尾的加es.
c. 辅音字母加y结尾的，把y改为i再加es
②现在分词
a. 一般情况下在动词之后加ing
b. 以不发音字母e结尾的，去e再加ing
c. 以重读闭音节结尾，最后只有一个辅音字母，先双写辅音字母再加ing
③过去式与过去分词(规则变化)
a. 一般情况下，在动词之后加ed
b. 以e结尾的，在动词之后加od
c. 辅音字母+y结尾的，把y改为i再加ed
d. 重读闭音节结尾;最后只有一个辅音字母，先双写辅音字母再加ed
初中英语高频动词用法大汇总
一.加to do的高频考查动词
1. afford to do 负担的起做某事
We can’t afford to make any mistakes.我们承担不起任何失误。
2. agree to do 同意做某事
Do you agree to have dinner today? 今天你同意一块吃饭吗?
3. choose to do 选择做某事
Why do so many choose to leave their country? 为什么有这么多人要离开祖国?
4. decide to do 决定做某事
She decided to accept the offer. 她决定接受这一提议。
5. expect to do 期待做某事
The shop expects to make more money this year. 这家店铺期望今年多赚点钱。
6. hope to do 希望做某事
I hope to see you again sometime next year. 我希望明年某一时候再见到你。
二. 加sb. to do的高频考查动词
1. allow ab. to do 允许某人做某事
My boss doesn't allow me to use the telephone. 老板不许我使用电话。
2. cause ab. to do 导致某人做某事
The beliefin god causes people to do good. 对上帝的信仰使人行善。
3. encourage sb. to do 鼓励某人做某事
Peter, my English teacher, never fails to encourage us to study hard. 我的英文老师彼得总是鼓励我们要好好用功。
4. force sb. to do 强迫某人做某事
No power on earth could force me to do it. 谁也不能强迫我做这事。
5. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事
We invite her to have Thanksgiving dinner with us. 我们邀请她和我们一起吃感恩节晚餐。
三. 后加doing的高频考查动词
1. avoid doing 避免做某事
Avoid crossing this street at rush hours. 避免在交通拥挤时间穿越这条街道。
2. consider doing 考虑做某事
Would you consider working in New York next year? 明年你考虑到纽约工作吗?
3. enjoy doing 享受做某事
I enjoy singing, much more listening to music. 我喜欢唱歌，更不用说听音乐了。
4. finish doing 结束做某事
It took us a whole week to finish painting the home. 我们花了整整一星期的时间才把房子粉刷好。
5. hate doing 讨厌做某事
The boys hate doing homework on Sundays. 男孩们讨厌在星期日做家庭作业。
6. imagine doing 想象做某事
I can't imagine living with a drunk. 我想象不出与一个醉汉生活在一起的情形。
四. 加do的高频考查动词
1. let sb. do 让某人做某事
I hope you can pardon his badness and let him start all over again.希望您能原谅他的不好，让他从新开始。
2. make sb. do 使某人做某事
He find it impossible to make her change her mind. 他发现使她改变主意是不可能的。
3. hear sb. do 听见某人做某事
The shouting boy did not hear his mother call him. 大声叫嚷的孩子听不到妈妈的叫唤。
4. have sb. do 要求某人做某事
Will you like to have him call you back ? 要他给你回个电话吗?
5. would rather do than do 宁愿做...不愿做...
They would rather go fishing than stay at home. 他们宁愿去钓鱼，也不愿待在家里。
6. had better do 最好做某事
You had better have another think. 你最好 再想一想。
五. 加to doing的高频考查动词
1. prefer doing to doing 宁愿做...不愿做...
Their teacher prefers doing to talking. 他们的老师喜欢做而不喜欢说。
2. be used to doing 习惯做某事
I'm not used to doing shopping online. 我不习惯于网上购物。
3. look forward to doing 期待做某事
I look forward to being alone in the house. 我盼望着能自己一人待在这所房子里。
4. pay attention to doing 注意力集中在做某事上
You should pay attention to picking your words . 你应该注意措词。
5. devote … to doing 奉献...去做某事
I devote myself to helping the poor. 我致力于帮助穷人。
六. 加to do= 加doing的高频考查动词
1. start to do =start doing 开始做
When did you start to learn English? 你何时开始学英语的?
2. learn to do = learn doing学着做
She is learning to play the piano. 她在学弹钢琴。
3. continue to do = continue doing继续做
Bread continues to rise in price. 面包的价格继续上涨。
七. 加to do≠加doing的高频考查动词
1. forget to do 忘记要做
Don't forget to leave room for our teacher.
forget doing做了某事而把它忘记了
2. remember to do记得要做
remember doing记得做过