网络英语词汇漫谈

网络英语词汇漫谈

　　Internet：为International Net的简写，因特网，又称国际互联网。它最早产生于美国国防部的高级研究规划署，那是1969年的事了，最初的目的也只是远程计算机的数据共享，后来发展成将世界各地的计算机及计算机网络相互连接起来，形成了一个无边无际的超级大网。下面是小编为您收集整理的网络英语词汇漫谈，供大家参考!

　　网络英语词汇漫谈

　　Internet的主要服务项目有：电子邮件(E-mail)，远程登录(Telnet)，查询服务(Finger)，文件传输(FTP)，文档服务器(Archive)，新闻论坛(Usenet)，电子公告牌(BBS)，新闻群组(News Group)，全球网(World Wide Web，缩写为WWW，又称万维网)等。

　　BBS：Bulletin Board System，公告牌系统或电子公告板，又称Public Access Message System,公共访问信息系统。它是普通公告的电子版本，用户可以通过公告牌发布消息，任何用户都可以读取公告牌上的消息，也可以给某一特定的人或一组用户发送信息。公告牌系统被广泛地用于传播信息，咨询一个电子公告牌往往比使用交互信箱或公共邮政系统发送公告更加快捷、有效。

　　E-mail：电子邮件，这是一种利用Internet网交换文字信息的交互式服务，全世界Internet用户可以互相发送和接收电子邮件。

　　WWW：World Wide Web的缩写，全球网，又称万维网。它是一个基于超文本方式的信息检索工具，提供一种友好的信息查询接口，是目前最受欢迎同时也是最先进的Internet检索工具之一。

　　Remote Login：远程登录(注册)，它是在网络环境下实现资源共享的一种重要手段，采用这种方式，用户可连接到世界任何一台Internet主机。

　　HTTP：Hyper Text Transmission Protocol,超文本传输协议。

　　IP：IP国际互联网协议，即网际协议。

　　FTP：是 Transfer Protocol的缩写，即文件传输协议，用于在Internet上传输文件。FTP的任务是从一台计算机将文件传送到另一台计算机。人们通过FTP可以获得很多免费的实用软件。

　　Gopher：英文意为“地鼠”;(美国南部穴居的)可食用的龟“。它是Internet中基于菜单驱动的信息查询软件，可将用户的请求自动转换成FTP(文件传输协议)或Telnet(用于远程终端连接的标准IP协议)命令，在菜单的引导下，用户可对Internet上远程信息系统进行访问。

　　Archive：“档案;档案馆”之意。Internet中的文档服务器，可定期自动地访问众多的Internet FTP服务器，将这些服务器上的文件索引成一个可以检索的数据库。

　　WAIS：是Wide Area Information Service的简写，广域信息服务器。它使得Internet上巨大的数据资源变得易于检索，并且可以获得远程数据库的信息。

　　IRC：Internet Relay Chat,互联网接力聊天。这是一种多用户聊天设施，允许多个用户通过文字实时地与其它人聊天。

　　Hypertext：超文本。本来用做表示所有超链接，也表示包含“链接”的文本。这是一种非线性的信息组织方法，文字、图形和其它数据作为单个元素都能够指向(链接)其它元素。

　　Hyperlink：超链接。一种与其它文件的“链接”，文件中图片、按钮、“热词”或短语都可以作为超链接，当用户选择超链接之后，所连接的信息就会显示出来。

　　HTML：Hyper Text Markup Language,超文本标示语言。它是由欧洲粒子实验室一名想象力丰富的研究员Tim Bemers Lee发明的，是“WWW(全球网)世界”的通用语言。“WWW世界”的诸服务器与客户浏览器间，通过它互相沟通;信息资源也是由它描述而“表现”的， HTML可以 描述主页(Home Page)和静态的文本。全世界有几千万人在使用HTML语言，可以毫不夸张地说，没有HTML就没有“WWW世界”。

　　Hypermedia：超媒体。一种以计算机为基础的利用文字、图形、动画、声音和视频传送和显示信息的方法。这些文字等超媒体的组成元素既可以与其它文件连接，又可以作为单个对象处理。

　　Navigator：是美国网景(Netscape)公司出品的Internet浏览器软件之一。Navigator的英文意思是“航海者、海上探险者”，寓意人们可以使用该软件在Internet网络的海洋中航行、探险。Navigator不仅可以浏览万维网(WWW)，还具有电子邮件(E-mail)、文件传输 (FTP)、远程登录(Telnet)及新闻组(News Group)、信息浏览(Gopher)等多种功能。

　　IE：Internet Explorer, Explorer意为“探险者”。

　　常见 Internet 术语表

　　ADN

　　(Advanced Digital Network) —— Usually refers to a 56Kbps leased-line. Applet

　　A small Java program that can be embedded in a HTML page. Applets differ from full-fledged Java applications in that they are not allowed to access certain resources on the local computer, such as files and serial devices (modems, printers, etc.), and are prohibited from communicating with most other computers across a network. The current rule is that an applet can only make an Internet connection to the computer from which the applet was sent.

　　Archie

　　A tool (software) for finding files stored on anonymous FTP sites. You need to know the exact file name or a substring of it.

　　ARPANet

　　(Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) —— The precursor to the Internet. Developed in the late 60's and early 70's by the US Department of Defense as an experiment in wide-area-networking that would survive a nuclear war.

　　ASCII

　　(American Standard Code for Information Interchange) —— This is the de facto world-wide standard for the code numbers used by computers to represent all the upper and lower-case Latin letters, numbers, punctuation, etc. There are 128 standard ASCII codes each of which can be represented by a 7 digit binary number: 0000000 through 1111111.

　　Backbone

　　A high-speed line or series of connections that forms a major pathway within a network. The term is relative as a backbone in a small network will likely be much smaller than many non-backbone lines in a large network.

　　Bandwidth

　　How much stuff you can send through a connection. Usually measured in bits-per-second. A full page of English text is about 16,000 bits. A fast modem can move about 15,000 bits in one second. Full-motion full-screen video would require roughly 10,000,000 bits-per-second, depending on compression.

　　Baud

　　In common usage the baud rate of a modem is how many bits it can send or receive per second. Technically, baud is the number of times per second that the carrier signal shifts value - for example a 1200 bit-per-second modem actually runs at 300 baud, but it moves 4 bits per baud (4 x 300 = 1200 bits per second).

　　BBS

　　(Bulletin Board System) —— A computerized meeting and announcement system that allows people to carry on discussions, upload and download files, and make announcements without the people being connected to the computer at the same time. There are many thousands (millions) of BBS's around the world, most are very small, running on a single IBM clone PC with 1 or 2 phone lines. Some are very large and the line between a BBS and a system like CompuServe gets crossed at some point, but it is not clearly drawn.

　　Binhex

　　(BINary HEXadecimal) —— A method for converting non-text files (non-ASCII) into ASCII. This is needed because Internet e-mail can only handle ASCII.

　　Bit

　　(Binary DigIT) —— A single digit number in base-2, in other words, either a 1 or a zero. The smallest unit of computerized data. Bandwidth is usually measured in bits-per-second.

　　BITNET

　　(Because It's Time NETwork (or Because It's There NETwork)) —— A network of educational sites separate from the Internet, but e-mail is freely exchanged between BITNET and the Internet. Listservs, the most popular form of e-mail discussion groups, originated on BITNET. BITNET machines are usually mainframes running the VMS operating system, and the network is probably the only international network that is shrinking.

　　Bps

　　(Bits-Per-Second) —— A measurement of how fast data is moved from one place to another. A 28.8 modem can move 28,800 bits per second.

　　Browser

　　A Client program (software) that is used to look at various kinds of Internet resources.

　　BTW

　　(By The Way) —— A shorthand appended to a comment written in an online forum.

　　Byte

　　A set of Bits that represent a single character. Usually there are 8 Bits in a Byte, sometimes more, depending on how the measurement is being made.