关于英语过去式的用法
关于英语过去式的用法
过去式(past tense)是英语语法的一种，表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示，而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。你都知道吗?接下来小编在这里给大家带来英语过去式的用法，我们一起来看看吧!
英语过去式的用法
过去式(past tense)是英语语法的一种，表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示，而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
⒈过去发生的而已经结束的动作需要用一般过去式来表示。
⒉表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。
【过去时态】表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。
【过去时态结构】是指过去时态下的动词形式的语法构成。
规则动词
一般动词直接加-ed，e.g.look-looked;
以e结尾的动词直接加-d，e.g.dance-danced;
辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i再加ed，e.g.study-studied;
以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母(字母w，y，x除外)，双写这个辅音字母加-ed，e.g.skip-skipped;
以l结尾的动词，若以非重读音节结尾，则末尾的字母l双写与不双写均可。其中不双写的是美式拼写。e.g.travel-travelled/traveled(U.S.)。
部分以-p结尾的动词同样遵循第5条，这类词多由“前缀+名词”构成。e.g.worship-worshipped/worshiped(U.S.)、handicap-handicapped/handicaped(U.S.)。
注：英语26个字母中，除了a，e，i，o，u 这几个元音字母外，其他都是辅音字母。
不规则动词
动词过去式与原形相同;
动词过去式以-ought或-aught结尾;
动词过去式由原形结尾的-end变为-ent;
动词过去式以-elt，-eft，-ept结尾;
动词过去式与原形比较，其中一个元音字母发生改变;
动词过去式以-ew结尾;
动词过去式-ee-变为-e-。
情态动词
不规则情态动词
is-was
are-weream-wasgo-wentdo，does-didbring-broughtmake-madehave-hadrun-rantell-toldeat-ateget-gotdraw-drewput -putread-readtake-tookdie-diedsee-saw
fly-flew
cut-cut
meet-met
tell-told
build-built
lend-lent
lose-lost
hear-heard
buy-bought
see-saw
choose-chose
forget-forgot
sink-sank
sing-sang
begin-began
swim-swam
ring-rang
drink-drank
fly-flew
draw-drew
lie-lay
其他变化
1.原形-过去式-过去分词全相同
cost——cost——cost 价值
cut——cut——cut 切，割，砍
hit——hit——hit 打
hurt——hurt——hurt 伤害
read/ri:d/——read/red/——read/red/ 读
put——put——put 放
let——let——let 让
shut——shut——shut 关
2. 过去分词与原形相同,过去式改o/u为a
become—became—become 变得，成为
come—came—come 来
run—ran—run 跑
3. 原形-过去式-过去分词是i-a-u的变化
begin—began—begun 开始
drink---drank—drunk 喝
ring---rang—rung 打电话
sing---sang---sung 唱(歌)
swim---swam---swum 游泳
4. 过去分词在原形后加-en
eat—ate---eaten 吃
fall---fell—fallen 落下;跌倒
5. 过去式和过去分词都去掉原形的一个e
feed---fed—fed 喂养，饲养
meet---met---met 碰到，见面，会面
6. 过去分词在原形后加-n
blow—blew—blown 吹
grow—grew—grown 种植;生长
throw---threw---thrown 投;掷;扔
know---knew——known知道;懂得;认为
draw—drew—drawn 画
fly--- flew---flown飞
see --- saw --- seen 看见，看到
show---showed---shown 出示;给...看
give--- gave ---given 给
drive---drove---driven 驾驶
take---took---taken 拿去;带去
7. 过去分词以-en结尾
bite--- bit --- bitten 咬
ride---rode---ridden 骑(车,马等)
write---wrote---written 写
break---broke---broken 弄坏,弄破
choose--chose--chosen 选择
speak---spoke---spoken 讲话;演讲
wake---woke---woken 使...醒来;弄醒
forget---forgot---forgotten 忘记
hide---hid---hidden 躲,藏
8. 过去分词以-ne结尾
do --- did --- done 做,干
go --- went --- gone 去
9.过去式与过去分词都有aught结尾
catch---caught ---caught 捉住;抓住
teach---taught---taught 教
10.过去式和过去分词都以-ought结尾
bring---brought---brought 拿来;带来
buy ---bought ---bought 买
fight---fought---fought 打架;打仗
think---thought--thought 想;认为
teach---taught--taught 教 vt.教;教导,训练;教授 vi.教书
11.
dig ---dug ---dug 挖
get ---got---got 得到;获得
sit --- sat --- sat 坐下
hold---held ---held 举行;握住
shine --- shone --- shone 照耀
say--- said ---said 说
pay---paid---paid 付账;为...付款
make---made---made 制造;制作
tell --- told --- told 告诉
sell---sold---sold 卖
stand --- stood --- stood 站立
understand-understood-understood 明白;理解
find --- found --- found 发现
12. 过去式和过去分词都在原形后加d或t
hear--heard--heard 听见;听说
mean --meant--meant 意思是
13. 过去式和过去分词都以elt,eft或ept结尾
feel --- felt --- felt 感觉
keep --- kept --- kept 保持
sleep---slept---slept 睡觉
leave --- left --- left 离开
14 .
have --- had --- had 有
lose --- lost --- lost 丢失;迷失
build---built---built 建造;建设
send --- sent --- sent 寄;送
lend---lent---lent 借
spend --- spent --- spent 花费(时间,金钱)
15.
lie --- lay --- lain 躺;位于
wear --- wore --- worn 穿;戴
be ---was, were --- been 是
16. 只有过去式
can --- could 能
may --- might 可能,也许
shall---should 将要
will---would 将要
17. 过去式和过去分词均有两个
burn-burned/burnt-burned/burnt 燃烧
dream-dreamed/dreamt-dreamed/dreamt 做梦;梦见
learn-learned/learnt-learned/learnt 学会
smell--smelled/smelt--smelled/smelt 闻
spell--spelled/spelt--spelled/spelt 拼写
Be动词的一般过去时
内容在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词， am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were
肯定句式：主语 + be(was , were) + 其它.
否定句式：主语 + be(was , were) + not + 其它.
一般疑问句：Be(was , were) + 主语 + 其它?
注：在这种构成中，be动词有人称和数的变化，即要根据主语选用was / were。Be动词分为单数和复数，was是表示单数，were是表示复数。
实义动词的一般过去时态
注：1. did和didn’t是构成一般过去时的助动词，其特点是要在其后跟动词的原形。
2.实意动词do的一般过去时
肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did.
肯定句式：主语 + 动词(过去式)+ 其它
否定句式：主语 + didn’t + 动词(原形)+ 其它 【did not = didn’t】
一般疑问句：Did + 主语+ 动词(原形)+ 其它【do , does的过去时均为did】?
Idomy homework every day.(用yesterday改写句子)
Ididmy homework yesterday.
I didn’t do my homework yesterday.(否定句)
Didyoudoyour homework yesterday?Yes ,I did. /No, I didn’t.(一般疑问句)
情态动词的一般过去时态
含有情态动词的一般过去时与含有be动词的一般过去时，是十分相似，请注意观察。
肯定句式：主语 + 情态动词 + 其它
否定句式：主语 + 情态动词 + not + 其它.
一般疑问句：情态动词 + 主语 + 其它?
注：情态动词的过去式：can→could , may→might , must→must ，will→would，shall→should。
英语过去式的例句
1.I went home after school yesterday.
2.Lily played games after class this afternoon.
3.Bob played football after school
4.Mum went shopping with my grandmother yesterday.
5.I went to the park yesterday.
6.We went hiking last month.
7.I bought this bag two hours ago.
8.I lost my pen.
9.I went to bed early yesterday.
10.I went to school by bus this morning.
11.We wore uniforms to school.
12.My parents didn't have TV when they were my age.
13.I visited my grandmother.
14.I did some sports.
15.I studied for the math test.
16.I went to the beach.
17.I played tennis.
18.He went to the movies.
19.I cleaned my room.
20.I played the guitar.
21.He came here two years ago.
22.We played basketball last week.
23.I washed my face yesterday.
24.I heard some noise outside.
25.I cried at home last night.
26.He travelled to Australia two weeks ago.
27.I caught my cat in the garden this morning.
28.She found her pen in her room.
29.I was a student three years ago.
30.I saw the film three days ago.
31.Mr Green bought a new computer yesterday.
32.She lived here two years ago.
33.Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
34.I arrived in Hong Kong yesterday.
35.The examination came off yesterday.