雅思大作文审题方法-三步法
在雅思写作考试中，拿到高分的前提就是我们回答的内容一定是符合题意的。这就要求我们在考试中一定要审对题。那么如何审题呢?接下来小编为大家介绍一下雅思大作文审题方法-三步法，希望能帮助大家准确审题，不偏题。
雅思大作文审题方法-三步法
第一步是通读。
通常考生的习惯是，拿到作文先看一下小作文考什么图，再看一下大作文考什么题，然后开始动手写小作文。其实就这么看一下，你知道了今天考的是什么类别，什么主题，就已经把通读的工作做好了。在一边写小作文的时候，你的大脑无意中其实已经开始酝酿大作文了。
相关阅读：Essay写作中静态表述的运用方法
第二步是细读。
当小作文完成，考生正式开始进入大作文的时候，你需要再仔仔细细把题目读一次，并且要去找一下题目中的关键词，有没有限定词/句，有没有绝对 词。所谓限定词，就是把题目的主题限定在一定范围内的词。比如：The incidence of violence/crimes for young people is increasing. Give possible reasons and recommendations of punishment and measures to the situation., 这个题目中youth就是一个关键词，全文必须围绕青少年来分析其犯罪原因和惩罚方案，有的学生写到了失业率高，找不到工作，没有钱负担生活，所以去犯 罪。
这个理由用于成年人的犯罪是很好，但大多数的青少年还在学习阶段，还没工作，自然谈不上失业的压力。所以写这个话题，如果我们从家庭和学校的环 境，以及媒体的影响这几个方面去着手会更切题。所谓绝对词，就是all, best, only, the most等词汇，题目中出现这样词汇，考生是很容易提出反驳的。比如Some people think economic development is the only way to measure the success of a government. To what extend do you agree or disagree. 经济的发展确实是衡量一个政府是否成功的重要标志，我们可以写一到两个段落来说明经济的重要性，然后再写一个让步段，来反驳ONLY这个词，可以提出教育 的普及，社会福利等方面也不可忽视，这样文章就更全面。
第三步——列提纲。
这是所有写作老师都反复强调，而学生却总不愿意去做的一件事。不愿意列提纲的理由是大家总觉得40分钟时间宝贵，恨不得从第一秒就开始拼命写。但是，没有整理好思路，一边想一边写的结果是更加浪费时间，而且段落的发展越到后面越混乱。
在列提纲之初，肯定是先要brainstorming，问题是很多考生brainstorming完了就以为自己审完了题目。其实 brainstorming出来的很多点是有重复或者有因果关系的，如果以这些重复或有因果关系的点作为段落的主题句，那么写到后面一定会有问题。所以， 我们应该花一点时间整理一下逻辑。
比如讨论出国留学的好处和坏处，大多数学生很能想到下列的几个点1.得到更好的教育;2.得到更好的工作;3.开阔眼界4.文化交流 5.学习语言。其实这5个点，整理一下的话，可以发现1和5是并列的，2是其结果。3和4也同样是因果关系。这样5个点变成2个点，每个点的论证也有了着 落，写起来就会很顺。而有些学生想到了1和2就觉得自己有来两个段落了，立刻开始动笔，写完主体第一段，再开始第二段的时候，突然发现其实得到更好的工作 是更好教育的一个结果，如果要把这个段落写清楚就得把第一段再重复一遍。
克服雅思写作软肋的方法介绍
我们可以从雅思写作的评分标准(大作文)入手，给同学们提出备考雅思写作的四方面建议：
1. Task Response(任务的完成情况)：在这个方面最重要的是字数和审题。所以练习速度至关重要，考前一定要有限时写作的体验。审题方面，一定要看清题目的问题(包括到底有几个问题，问题是辩论式的还是论说式的，辩论焦点是什么)，可以把历年考题拿出来做专门的审题训练。
2. Coherence and Cohesion(文章的连贯性)：段落划分和连接词训练。在段落方面，一定要用符合英美写作习惯的topic sentence + supporting sentences， reason + example的方式来写作，连接词方面，特别是转折、因果、举例有关的连接词，要做专项的练习。
3. Lexical Resource(词汇的多样性)和 4. Grammatical Range and Accuracy(语法句式的准确性和多样性)这两点都与考生的英语基本功有关，短期内很难有实质性突破。很多考生采取背单词和看语法书的方法，但因为非常枯燥也坚持不了多久且没有什么成效。这里给大家的建议是第一，通过作文习作并让有经验的老师批改，找出属于自己的在语法和词汇方面的问题，发现一个问题解决一个问题，并在老师的指导下配合相关的有针对性的语法和词汇学习。第二，一定要摈弃用“大词”、“难句”的强迫心态。记住：Although you should aim for varied sentences and vocabulary, clear, simple structures are better than more complex but inaccurate sentences. Do not think that phrases you have learned can freely apply to any situation.
雅思写作改错练习(附答案)
1Futurism, an early twentieth-century movement in art, rejected all traditions and attempts to glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the machine and motion.
2 But, for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developing skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job or not.
3 For a group of remaining in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produces something consumers consider useful or desirable.
4 For a result of two or three centuries of scientific investigation we have come to believe that Nature is understandable in the sense that when we ask her questions by way of appropriate observations and experiments，she will answer truly and reward us with discoveries that endure.
5 At the same time, young people should be encourage to communicate with their peers and develop their interpersonal skills, which may help them greatly to reduce dependence in their parents.
6 When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what their advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.
7 Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficiently services to consumers through the use of computers.
8 The American economic system is, organizing around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in that consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.
9 Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, which together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
10 The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time--consuming, and sometimes even overwhelming.
参考答案
1Futurism, an early twentieth-century movement in art, rejected all traditions and attempts to glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the machine and motion.
错误: and并列连接两个谓语，应该是平行结构。所以attempts应该改为attempted.
2 But, for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developing skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job or not.
错误: 培养良好的技能不是well-developing而是well-developed.
3 For a group of remaining in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produces something consumers consider useful or desirable.
错误: For a group of remaining in existence应该是For a group to remain in existence.只有后者才可以做一个目的状语。produces应该是produce，因为在插入语in the long run的前边有must.
4 For a result of two or three centuries of scientific investigation， we have come to believe that Nature is understandable in the sense that when we ask her questions by way of appropriate observations and experiments，she will answer truly and reward us with discoveries that endure.
错误: For a result of应该是As a result of.介词搭配不当.
5 At the same time, young people should be encourage to communicate with their peers and develop their interpersonal skills, which may help them greatly to reduce dependence in their parents.
错误: should be encourage应该是should be encouraged,情态动词的被动语态. dependence in应该是dependence on, 介词搭配不当.
6 When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what their advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.
错误: their advocates应该是its advocates. Its在这里指代的是a new movement in art.所以不能是their.
7 Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficiently services to consumers through the use of computers.
错误: efficiently services应该是efficient services. 这也是许多学生经常犯的一个错误。副词不能修饰名词，必须得改为形容词。
8 The American economic system is, organizing around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in that consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.
错误: organizing around a basically private-enterprise应该是organized around a basically private-enterprise.这里应该是过去分词来做一个伴随状语，而不应该是现在分词，因为它是主语的承受者。in that应该是in which.因为只有in which才能引导一个定语从句。in which=where, 在引导一个定语从句时，后面需要加上一个完整句。而in that只能引导一个状语从句=because.
9 Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, which together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
错误: which应该是that.与前面的it is构成一个强调句型。强调原句中的主语。
10 The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time--consuming, and sometimes even overwhelming.
错误: one information应该是one piece of information. 因为information是不可数名词，前面必须加量词修饰。[CKQ]
11 While talking to you, your could-be employers is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your "wares" and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
12 With economic growth has come centralization: fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens lives in cities which community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, tow-generation households.
13 After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients whom wish to die.
14 The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicate the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever his special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
15 Your humor must be relevant with the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view.
16 "The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them." Such is the remark made by Bernard Shaw, a great writer. This view has been shared now by more and more people.
17 The current passion to making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produce a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B type fellows
18 Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improving techniques and tools.
19 The "shareholders" as such have no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employing by the company in which he hold shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor are not good.
20 During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting, Levin assert that "music is not the cause of society's ills" and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.
参考答案
11 While talking to you, your could-be employers is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your "wares" and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
错误: While talking to you在这里没错。当主句的主语和状语从句的指代的是同一个人或物时，状语从句的主语可以省略，这就是状语从句省略结构。your could-be employers is应该是your could-be employers are.否则主谓不一致。pay him应该是pay him or her.
12 With economic growth has come centralization: fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens lives in cities which community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, tow-generation households.
错误: 119 million citizens lives应该是119 million citizens live. 否则主谓不一致。which应该是where或in which. which引导的定语从句应该是一个不完整的句子，where或in which的后面才能加上一个完整句
13 After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients whom wish to die.
错误: whom wish to die应该是who wish to die. whom引导的定语从句应该是一个不完整的句子，whom在定语从句中只能做宾语。而在who引导的定语从句，who既可以做主语，也可以做宾语。
14 The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicate the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever his special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
错误: Indicate应该是indicates.因为该句的主语是The great interest。否则主谓不一致。whatever his special conditions应该是whatever their special conditions. Their在这里指代all citizens。
15 Your humor must be relevant with the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view.
错误: must be relevant with应该是must be relevant to. 介词搭配不当.
16 "The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them." Such is the remark made by Bernard Shaw, a great writer. This view has been shared now by more and more people.
错误: This view has been shared now应该是This view is shared now或者This view is now being shared.已经有了明确的时间状语now，所以这里只能用一般现在时或者现在进行时的被动语态。
17 The current passion to making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produce a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B type fellows
错误: The current passion to应该是The current passion for. 介词搭配不当. produce应该是produces，因为该句话的主语是The current passion。否则主谓不一致。
18 Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improving techniques and tools.
错误: improving techniques and tools应该是improved techniques and tools.用过去分词或现在分词做状语时，要注意它们与被修饰名词的关系。这里讲得是被改进过的技术和工具，所以应该是improved techniques and tools而不是improving techniques and tools。
19 The "shareholders" as such have no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employing by the company in which he hold shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor are not good.
错误: employing by the company应该是employed by the company.过去分词做后置定语时，相当于一个省略了的定语从句。所以这里的employed by the company相当于who are employed by the company. he hold shares应该是they hold shares.因为这里的they指代的是The "shareholders"。his influence on the relations应该是their influences on the relations. Their在这里也是指代The "shareholders"。
20 During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting, Levin assert that "music is not the cause of society's ills" and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.
错误: and并列连接两个谓语，应该是平行结构。 assert应该是asserted.
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