雅思阅读材料大集合：女性爱在社交网上说谎假装过得精彩

　　要考好雅思的阅读部分，肯定需要多加练习。为了方便大家备考，下面小编给大家带来雅思阅读材料大集合：女性爱在社交网上说谎假装过得精彩。

　　雅思阅读材料大集合：女性爱在社交网上说谎假装过得精彩

　　Women consistently lie on social networking sites such as Facebook or Twitter to make their lives appear more exciting, a survey has found.

　　Researchers found that at least one in four women exaggerated or distorted what they are doing on social media once a month.

　　The survey of 2000 women found they mostly pretended to be out on the town, when in fact they are home alone, and embellished about an exotic holiday or their job.

　　The most common reasons for women to write “fibs” included worrying their lives would seem “boring”, jealousy at seeing other people’s more exciting posts and wanting to impress their friends and acquaintances.

　　Psychologists suggested that as people attempt to “stay connected” on social media, they can in fact “paradoxically” be left “more isolated”.

　　They also said that the “more we try to make our lives seem perfect, the less perfect we feel”.

　　According to the OnePoll survey, one third of women surveyed admitted to “dishonesty” on social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter at some stage.

　　Almost one in four admitted to lying or exaggerating about key aspects of their life online between one and three times a month while almost one in 10 said they lied more than once a week.

　　Nearly 30 percent of women lied about “doing something when I am home alone”, almost a quarter overstated their alcohol consumption while one in five were not truthful about their holiday activities or their jobs.

　　Almost one in five women even lied about their “relationship status”.

　　“We work very hard presenting ourselves to the world online, pretending and attempting to be happy all the time which is exhausting and ultimately unfulfilling,” said Dr Michael Sinclair, a leading British consultant psychologist.

　　“Omitting the less desirable imperfections of our lives from the conversations with our 'friends' online leads to less opportunity to feel empathised with, resulting in a greater sense of disconnection from others.”

　　The survey was commissioned by Pencourage, a new anonymous “diary-style” social media website.

　　一项调查发现，女性总爱在Facebook或Twitter这样的社交网站上说谎，把自己的生活描述得比实际更精彩。

　　研究人员发现，至少四分之一的女性每个月会有一次在社交媒体上夸张或扭曲地谈论自己做的事。

　　这项涵盖了2000名女性的调查发现，她们大多假装自己到市中心去玩乐，而事实上她们却独自在家待着，而且还喜欢把一次异域风情的假日或自己的工作加以美化。

　　女性爱在社交网站上编写“谎言”最常见的原因有担心自己的生活看上去会显得“单调乏味”，在看到他人上传的精彩内容时感到嫉妒，想引起自己的朋友和熟人的注意。

　　心理学家们指出，在人们试图通过社交媒体“保持联系”的同时，事实上他们反而会变得“更孤立”。

　　心理学家们还说“我们越想让自己的生活显得完美，我们就感到越不完美”。

　　根据OnePoll公司的调查，三分之一的被调查女性承认某些时候会在Facebook和Twitter这样的社交网站上“说谎”。

　　近四分之一的女性承认每个月会有一到三次在社交网站上谎报或夸张地描述自己生活的某些主要方面，近十分之一的女性称她们每周在社交网上说谎超过一次。

　　近30%的女性独自在家时会谎称自己在做某事，近四分之一的女性会夸大自己喝的酒量，五分之一的女性没有据实描述自己的假日活动或工作。

　　近五分之一的女性甚至会谎报自己的“感情状态”。

　　英国知名心理学顾问迈克尔?辛克莱博士说：“我们努力地把自己呈现给网上的世界，假装自己一直都很开心并尽力保持这一状态，这不但让人精疲力竭，而且最终会让人感到空虚。

　　“在和线上‘好友’的谈话中，把生活中不那么如意的不完美部分省去，这会减少我们产生共鸣的机会，从而导致与他人更大的隔绝感。”

　　该调查由Pencourage网站委托开展，这是一家新的匿名 “日记体”社交网站。

　　雅思阅读材料大集合：你找不到对象的5个原因

　　1. You were in a long-term relationship:

　　你曾经有一段长期的恋情

　　Being in a long-term relationship is much different than dating. If your long-term relationship ends, there is a lot more to deal with than if you'd only been dating for a few months. Take a 10-year relationship that's ended, for example: there's 10 years of good memories, bad memories, lost commitments, joy, hurt - you name it - to try to deal with.

　　长期的恋情和短暂的约会大不相同。如果你结束了一段长期的恋情，你需要解决的问题比约会了几个月的人多得多。比如说一段10年的恋情结束了，留下了10年的美好回忆、糟糕回忆、未兑现的承诺、各种喜悦和痛苦，凡是你能数出来的都需要去应对。

　　Assumedly, if you were in a 10-year relationship, the person you were with knew you well - your likes, dislikes, your quirks, your friends, family, hopes, dreams, etc. You probably knew each other so well that it was like you had your own secret language. Even if the relationship ended badly, that's a lot to try to replace!

　　通常情况下，如果你们曾经在一起10年，那个人会非常了解你：你的好恶、你的怪癖、你的朋友、你的家人、你的希望、你的梦想等等。你们大概非常了解对方，就好像他/她是你专属的秘密语言一样。即便这段恋情以糟糕的方式结束了，想要找人取代他/她的位置依然不容易。

　　It's no wonder that single people with long-term relationships in their past seem to stay single. Whether it makes sense to them or not, they just can't seem to find someone who can replace what they once had whether what they had was good or not. The key here is that they will never be able to find a direct replacement but they can find someone new who is equally if not more worthwhile and hopefully a better match. It takes time, openness and commitment to build another long-term relationship from scratch and it can be scary and overwhelming。

　　所以那些过去有过长期恋情的人保持单身就不足为奇了。不管有没有道理，他们似乎就是找不到人来替代曾经那个人的位置，不管那个人究竟是不是那么好。关键在

　　于他们永远不可能找到一个直接的替代者，但是他们可以找到一个新的人，即便不比原来那个人更值得，但至少也是个不错的另一半。结束一段伤痛、再次建立一段 长期的感情需要时间、坦然和承诺。最初可能会让人提心吊胆、喘不过气。

　　2. You're shy and/or not very outgoing:

　　你比较害羞，或者不够外向

　　Whether we like it or not, people who are outgoing tend to get noticed and that includes getting noticed by the opposite sex. Where does that leave shy single people? We're just not that likely to get noticed if we don't make eye contact with others and make a point of trying to get to know them. It's a sad fact, but true。

　　不管我们是否认同，外向活泼的人更容易引人注意，包括吸引异性的注意。那些害羞的单身人士可难办了。如果我们不和别人进行眼神的交流，也不表现出我们渴望了解他们，我们就不太可能引起他人的注意。听起来挺叫人难过，不过这是事实。

　　Being shy is at least 50% genetic so there's only so much we can do to overcome this. The good news is that there are lots of shy single people out there -- admittedly, the hard part is hooking up, but it happens, so don't despair。

　　害羞至少有一半原因来自遗传，所以我们仍然可以去克服它。好消息是还有很多害羞的单身人士。不过不得不承认，难点在于你们如何跟他们搭上腔，但成功的例子也确实会发生，所以别绝望。

　　3. You live in a small town or village

　　你住在小镇或者小村子里

　　Let's just play the numbers game here. Imagine you live in a small town of 3000 people and you're a woman. You're looking for a man, so you're down to 1500 to choose from except that 75% of them are taken so that leaves you with 375. Out of those 375, let's say 15% of them fall within an appropriate age range of you which brings you down to about 57. Out of those 57, you're sure not going to be compatible with all of them; there may be a few you're compatible with but how are you going to find them?

　　我们来玩个数字游戏。假设你是女性，住在一个只有3000人的小镇里。你在寻找一个男人，那么你的选择范围就降到了1500人，其中可能有75%的人已经有所属，那么留给你的还有375人。这375人中大概有15%的人符合你的年龄范围，所以还剩57人。而这57人当然不是每个都适合你;其中也许有一些和你般配的，但是你要怎样找到他们呢?

　　Just because you live in the same town doesn't mean that you're going to bump into each other on the sidewalk or at the grocery store. Of course, these are completely made up statistics but are generally what you're dealing with in small towns. If you want more dating options, you'll have to move to the big city。

　　你们住在一个镇上不代表你们会在路边或者杂货店里偶遇。当然，这些只是假设的数据，但通常来讲你在小镇上的情况就是这样。如果你想要更多的约会机会，恐怕得搬去大城市。

　　4. You've been single a long time and are set in your ways

　　你单身太久，已经习惯了自己的生活方式

　　The longer you live as a single person, the more independent and self-sufficient you're forced to become. While this is not necessarily a bad thing, if taken to the extreme, it can hinder your efforts to find a mate. If you're used to doing everything yourself and for yourself only, it may be very difficult to let someone else into your life even though you may crave that closeness。

　　你单身的时间越久，你就迫使自己变得越独立、越靠自己。这并不是坏事，但如果走向极端，会阻碍你找到另一半。如果你习惯了凡事亲力亲为，而且只为自己而做，也许就很难让另一个人走进你的生活，哪怕你也许渴望这种亲密。

　　Unfortunately, this becomes more and more true as we get older. I'm pretty set in my ways myself and all I can hope for is that if the right one does come along, that I will let him break through my wall of independence that I have created。

　　不幸的是，随着我们渐渐长大，事情就越是如此。我已经非常习惯按自己的方式生活，我能期望的是，如果那个对的人真的出现了，我会允许他打破我已经建立起来的这座独立的墙。

　　5. You're just too picky

　　你太挑剔了

　　Yes, we all want to have a Brad Pitt or Megan Fox type hanging off our arms but it's just not going to happen. Even if we don't want that, we have a list in our minds of traits that our future soulmate must possess and sometimes that list can be rather long, perhaps too long。

　　是的，我们都想要一个布拉德·皮特这样的帅哥或是梅根·福克斯那样的性感美女挽着我们的胳膊，但这太不现实了。哪怕我们期望没这么高，我们心里都列出了未来的灵魂伴侣必须符合的条件，有时这些条件还不少，也许太多了。

　　While nobody wants to "settle", you might want to ask yourself if everything on your list is really that important. Does it matter that much how tall the person is? How much money they make? What color hair they have? It might be worth relaxing some of your standards and seeing what kind of results you get. Remember, nobody is perfect。

　　没有人想被他人的条件“框定”，你也许应该问问自己，这些条件真的都这么重要吗?这个人的身高很重要吗?他赚多少钱很重要吗?他/她的头发是什么颜色很重要吗?你也许应该把自己的标准放宽一些，然后来看看结果如何。记住：完美的人不存在。

　　雅思阅读材料大集合：科学家解答为什么早上不想起床

　　Most of us love a good lie-in on the weekends. But for some people, getting out of bed each morning is a daily struggle that can disrupt their lives。

　　我们大部分人都喜欢在周末睡个懒觉，但是对于一些人来说，每天早上最受折磨的就是挣扎着从床上爬起来。

　　Now, researchers believe they have found out why some people struggle to sleep at night and reach for the snooze button in the morning - their body clocks are set too slow。

　　为什么有些人尽量早睡就为了能早起，现在，研究人员认为他们找到了原因，就是因为他们的生物钟被设置得太慢了。

　　A team from Flinders University in Adelaide, Australia, are investigating delayed sleep phase disorder, which is characterised by a persistent inability to fall asleep and wake at a conventional time。

　　澳大利亚阿德莱德弗林德斯大学的一个研究小组调查研究了睡眠期失调遭推迟，其特征就是迟迟无法入睡无法按时醒来。

　　Struggle to wake up for work? Your internal body clock may be out of sync

　　挣扎着起床上班?生物钟与生活节奏不同步

　　It affects up to 15 per cent of teenagers but can be a life-long condition。

　　这一现象影响了15%的青少年但这种情况不会终身伴随的。

　　Study leader, Professor Leon Lack, said initial results showed that the internal body clocks, of those with the disorder ran slower than average。

　　此项研究的牵头人利昂·兰克说，初步的研究结果表明身体内部时钟失调相对平均时钟慢了一些。

　　'Late sleepers can’t get to sleep until 2am or 3am at the earliest, or in some cases as late as 4am, which makes it very hard for them to get up for their commitments the next day,' he said。

　　晚睡的人到了凌晨两三点才睡，有些晚睡的人甚至到了凌晨四点才睡，对于他们而言很难保证第二天按时起床。

　　'We’ve been investigating what causes people to be late sleepers and one of the most plausible explanations we’re perusing is that their body clocks run longer than 24 hours。

　　我们已经调查研究了什么原因导致总有晚睡的人，其中一个貌似合理的解释就是他们的生物钟长于24小时。

　　'Most people have a 24-hour body clock, it’s a natural rhythm that influences sleepiness and core body temperature but for people with delayed sleep phase disorder it takes longer to complete the cycle so they tend to go to bed later and wake up later.'

　　大部分人的时钟是24小时，但对于晚睡的人而言，自然节奏影响了睡意和体温，睡眠期失调遭推迟要花很长时间才能完成这个周期，因此他们倾向晚睡晚起。

　　Circadian rhythms are followed by most living things and follow a daily cycle that are governed by our internal body clocks. They influence sleep and wake cycles, body temperature and the release of hormones。

　　生理节奏受我们身体内部生物钟的生活和日常规律支配。他们影响睡眠和清醒周期、体温、荷尔蒙的释放。

　　They can be affected by environmental factors, such as light levels, and so disrupted by flying across time zones and working night shifts。

　　他们受环境因素影响，例如光亮度、飞行时差、晚班工作。

　　Professor Lack said wider tests with a larger population would now need to be conducted to confirm the findings。

　　兰克教授说对较大一个人群进行了广泛试验，现在需要确认这些研究结果。

　　'If we establish what we’re expecting to find it will reinforce therapies that we know can help, such as bright light therapy to induce alertness in the mornings and melatonin to encourage earlier evening sleepiness,' he said。

　　如果我们所期望的结果能成立的话，那么找到加强疗法是会有帮助作用的，例如明光疗法来引导早上清醒，褪黑素有助于晚上早睡，他说。

　　'Exposing people to a bright light as early in the day as possible informs the body clock that it should be awake so therefore they fall asleep and wake up earlier on subsequent nights.'

　　人们白天尽早暴露在明光环境下，提醒生物钟该清醒了，因此他们的身体逐渐就调整到了早睡早起的状态

　　He said it was imperative to find a cause of the condition as it affected so many people。

　　他说找出这种现象的原因势在必行，因为影响了如此多的人。

　　'It causes young people to be late for school and when they do get to school they’re inattentive until their body clock finally wakes up。

　　这种现象导致学生上学迟到，即使到了学校他们也是不清醒的，只有生物钟清醒了才能彻底清醒。

　　'Adults can also have trouble holding down jobs because they’re always running late for work so it does have a detrimental effect on lives,' he said。

　　成年人在早上上班时也存在这种现象，总是上班迟到，因此对生活影响不利，他说。

　　雅思阅读材料大集合：如何清洁眼镜片

　　Nearly 50% of Americans wear corrective glasses, according to the trade group Vision Council. And most of them are guilty of the biggest crime in lens care: Exhaling onto their lenses, then wiping the fog off with their shirt sleeves. But does this really damage your lenses? Teri Geist, an optometrist in Omaha, Neb., and chairwoman for the American Optometric Association, weighs in.

　　行业组织VisionCouncil提供的数据显示，接近50%的美国人佩戴用于矫正视力的眼镜。他们中的大多数人在眼镜护理过程中都犯过一个最严重的错误：对着镜片哈一口气，然后用衬衫袖子把镜片上的雾擦掉。这真的会对镜片造成损害吗?美国验光学会主席、内布拉斯加州奥马哈市的验光师盖斯特(Teri Geist)对此进行了实验。

　　Simple Solution

　　简单方法

　　Though there are countless products on the market claiming to wipe streaks away, the AOA recommends the most basic of options: kitchen-sink soap. The best way to clean your glasses, says Dr. Geist, is to run them under warm water and put a tiny drop of dishwashing detergent on the tip of your fingers to create a lather on the lens. Then rinse with warm water, and dry with a clean, soft cotton cloth.

　　尽管市场上有无数产品声称可以擦掉眼镜镜片上的污痕，但美国验光学会(American Optometric Association)推荐的是最基本的选择：厨房洗洁精。美国验光学会主席盖斯特(Teri Geist)称，清洁眼镜的方式是将其在温水下冲洗，在指尖滴一小滴洗洁精，在镜片上打出泡沫，然后用温水洗净，并用干净柔软的棉布擦干。

　　'Everyone uses their shirt cloth─worst thing!' she says. 'Your shirttail almost certainly carries dust, and that has the potential of scratching your lens.'

　　她说：“很多人都用他们的衬衫下摆擦眼镜──这是最糟糕的做法!你的衬衣下摆几乎肯定沾有尘土，这可能会刮坏镜片。”

　　Glass vs. Plastic

　　玻璃镜片与树脂镜片

　　Of the 69.1 million Americans who bought prescription spectacles last year, most purchased plastic lenses; glass has gone out of fashion as safety concerns have arisen. Unlike that hard surface, plastic is soft and can scratch easily.

　　去年，6,910万美国人购买了处方眼镜，其中多数都是树脂镜片;由于对安全的担忧上升，玻璃镜片已经过时。与玻璃镜片坚硬的表面不同，树脂镜片柔软而且容易被刮坏。

　　Once lenses are scraped up, 'there is no way to buff that scratch out,' says Dr. Geist. Attempting to clean glasses when dry only exacerbates the problem, since a wet surface is slicker than a dry one. 'People breathe on their glasses then grab a Kleenex or paper towel or napkin because they're convenient, but the rough fibers that they're comprised of might leave debris behind,' Dr. Geist says. She adds that special microfiber cloths are good for dry touch-ups during the day, but aren't a stand-in for a thorough, soapy cleaning. Neither is your breath.

　　盖斯特博士说，一旦镜片有了刮痕，“就没有办法除去”。在镜片干燥时擦眼镜只会加剧问题，因为湿润的表面会比干燥的表面光滑一些。盖斯特博士说：“人们在镜片上哈气，然后顺手抓起一张餐巾纸去擦眼镜，但构成餐巾纸的粗糙纤维可能会在镜片上留下碎屑。”她补充说，特殊的超细纤维布适于干擦镜片，但它不能替代彻底的皂液清洁方法。你的哈气也不行。

　　Reflecting on the Problem

　　涂层问题

　　Lenses typically have some form of protective coating and should never come into contact with ammonia, bleach, vinegar or window cleaner. 'Those chemicals can break down the coating or just strip them,' says Dr. Geist. 'You know those bubbles you sometimes see on your lens? Those are caused by 'cleansing' solutions.' Avoid the problem by requesting anti-glare and UV coatings that are embedded within the lens, which can cost about 0 more than regular-coated lenses.

　　镜片通常有某种形式的防护涂层，因此不应接触氨、漂白剂、醋和窗户清洁剂。盖斯特博士说：“这些化学物质会破坏或者洗掉涂层。你知道有时在镜片上看到的泡泡印是怎么回事吗?那就是用‘清洁剂’导致的。”要求在镜片中加入防眩光和紫外线涂层可以避免这个问题，这种镜片的价格比普通涂层镜片高出约100美元。

　　Clean Lines

　　清洁产品

　　Natural oils from your hands, eyelashes and face can lead to a lot of buildup each day, reducing lenses' effectiveness. Leaving spectacles on a sink or vanity, where hair spray and perfume can fly through the air, adds to the residue. The AOA recommends washing glasses every morning, paying special attention to the frames and earpieces, where hair product and makeup tend to rub off. Whatever you do, don't use the most handy form of water to clean your lenses. 'Some people use spit, but don't,' urges Dr. Geist. Though dirty glasses won't cause an eye infection, saliva 'is not the best hygiene method, and it just won't work very well,' she says. Soap, warm water and a dry cloth are all you need, once a day, to keep glasses optimally clean and functional. 'I have had patients who say they can't see well, but it turns out it is just the scratches,' says Dr. Geist.

　　手、睫毛和面部每天产生的天然油脂可能大量堆积在镜片上，降低镜片的透光性。将眼镜放在水池或卫生间台面等可能残留发胶和香水飞沫的地方会增加残留物。美国验光学会建议每天早上清洗眼镜，尤其应该注意镜框和镜脚等容易擦到护发品和化妆品的地方。无论你做什么，都不要用最现成的“水”来清洁镜片。盖斯特博士说：“有些人用唾液，可千万别这么做。”尽管脏镜片不会导致眼部感染，但唾液“不是最卫生的方法，而且它的效果也不好”。你只需要每天用皂液、温水和一块干布，即可保持眼镜清洁好用。盖斯特博士说：“我的患者中，有些人说他们看不清，结果只是镜片上有划痕。”

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