2017金考卷英语高考题型小卷答案(2)
D
Four extra points of IQ, an extra year’s education and a significantly enhanced income at the age of 30. Those are the benefits of having been breast-fed, according to a study just published in Lancet Global Health by Bernardo Horta of the Federal University of Pelotas, in Brazil, and his colleagues.
Previous research has suggested that breast-feeding has beneficial long-term effects. But Dr Horta’s work is particularly persuasive because it looks at adults rather than children and teenagers, and because it contradicts the suggestion that social class is a confounding variable(混杂变量), with rich mothers tending to breast-feed more than poor mothers do.
The participants in the study were among a group of Brazilians born in Pelotas in 1982. Following a cohort(一群人) like this through their lives is an established method of medical research. It lets doctors test hypotheses that retrospective(涉及以往的) examination, relying on memory, cannot address reliably. In 2012 and 2013 Dr Horta managed to track down 3,493 members of the cohort whose diet as babies, including their consumption of breast milk, had been recorded at the time, ask them some questions, and give them an IQ test.
Comparing those who, as babies, had been breast-fed for less than a month with those who had been so fed for more than a year, Dr Horta found the latter’s IQ was 3.76 points higher than the former’s and that they had attended school for 0.91 years longer. The income data were slightly more complicated. Those breast-fed for over a year had incomes 15% higher than those suckled for less than a month, but those breast-fed for six to 12 months did even better, at 55%. These effects, moreover, were unaffected by a family’s income at the time a study participant was born.
The reasons for this are not known for certain, though it is easy to speculate. Human milk has, presumably, been optimised for human nutrition by evolution. The social contact involved in suckling may also have an effect. But the underlying cause is less important than the result. As Winston Churchill once said, “there is no finer investment for any community than putting milk into babies.” Add the word “mother’s” in front of “milk”, and the returns on that investment get finer still.
41. The benefits of having been breast-fed don’t include ________.
A. better academic performance
B. an enhanced income at the age of 30
C. an extra year’s education
D. higher IQ
42. Which of the following descriptions about the reasearch is correct according to the passage?
A. In 2012 and 2013 Dr Horta managed to track down 3,493 people randomly.
B. The participants in the study were among a group of Brazilian adults in 1982.
C. An IQ test was conducted among some memebers of the cohort for the research.
D. The diet of the cohort as babies didn’t include their consumption of breast milk.
43. Which of the following statement may the author most probably agree with ?
A. Scientist know exactly the reasons for the influence of suckling.
B. Having been breast-fed as babies will surely influence a person’s income in the future positively.
C. The result of suckling is less more important than the cause.
D. Putting milk into babies is very important for any community.
44. The underlined phrase speculate in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ________.
A. understand B. guess C. expect D. know
45. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Breast-feeding, beneficial to future development.
B. A finer investment — putting milk into babies.
C. The finding of a study.
D. The effect of breast-feeding.
第二节 信息匹配(共5题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。
首先阅读下列一些疾病的介绍：
A.There are many reasons why you might have bad breath. You can get it if you don't brush and floss regularly. Bacteria that build up in your mouth and between your teeth produce the bad smell. Other problems in your mouth, such as gum disease, dry mouth or cavities, may also cause it. You can also have bad breath if you eat some foods, like raw onions, garlic or cabbage. And of course smoking causes its own bad aroma.
B.If you've ever groaned, "Oh, my aching back!", you are not alone. Back pain is one of the most common medical problems, affecting 8 out of 10 people at some point during their lives. Back pain can range from a dull, constant ache to a sudden, sharp pain. Acute back pain comes on suddenly and usually lasts from a few days to a few weeks. Back pain is called chronic if it lasts for more than three months.
C.You get Malaria when an infected mosquito bites you. Malaria is a major cause of death worldwide, but it is almost wiped out in the United States. The disease is mostly a problem in developing countries with warm climates. If you travel to these countries, you are at risk. There are four different types of malaria caused by four related parasites. The most deadly type occurs in Africa south of the Sahara Desert.
D.Everyone has a dry mouth once in a while ─ if they are nervous, upset or under stress. But if you have a dry mouth all or most of the time, it can be uncomfortable and can lead to serious health problems. Symptoms of dry mouth include a sticky, dry feeling in the mouth, cracked lips, mouth sores and sometimes an infection in the mouth.
E.A fever is a body temperature that is higher than normal. It is not an illness. It is part of your body's defense against infection. Most bacteria and viruses that cause infections do well at the body's normal temperature (98.6 F). A slight fever can make it harder for them to survive. Fever also activates your body's immune system.
F.Ebola is caused by a virus. It is a severe and often deadly disease. It can affect humans and other primates. Researchers believe that the virus first spreads from an infected animal to a human. It can then spread from human to human through direct contact with a patient. Symptoms of Ebola may appear anywhere from 2 to 21 days after exposure to the virus. Symptoms usually include fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, diarrhea, vomiting and stomach pain.
以下是专家的建议，请匹配这些建议及其对应的疾病介绍：
46. Treatment depends on the cause. Things you can do include sipping water, avoiding drinks with caffeine, tobacco, and alcohol, and chewing sugarless gum or sucking on sugarless hard candy.
47. You can treat the disease with drugs. The type of drug depends on which kind of parasite brought you the disease and where you were infected. There are some precautions you should keep in mind to help prevent yourself from mosquito bites such as covering up and sleeping under mosquito netting.
48. Having good dental habits, like brushing and flossing regularly, help fight the disease. Mouthwashes, mints or chewing gum may make your breath fresher. If you have an underlying disorder, treating it may help eliminate the breath smell.
49. Its early symptoms are similar to other, more common, diseases. This makes it difficult to diagnose it in someone who has been infected for only a few days. However, if a person has the early symptoms like fever and diarrhea, the patient should be separated. There is no cure so far. Some patients are able to recover, but many do not.
50. Most pain goes away on its own, though it may take awhile. Taking over-the-counter pain relievers and resting can help. However, staying in bed for more than 1 or 2 days can make it worse. If your back pain is severe or doesn't improve after three days, you should see a doctor.
III写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：基础写作(共1小题，满分15分)
请根据以下信息，用英文写一篇介绍阿里巴巴集团(Alibaba Group)创始人兼主席马云的介绍短文。
【写作内容】
基本信息 1964年9月10日出生于浙江杭州;2014年被认定为中国首富
求学时期
喜爱英语
每天早晨骑车45分钟去附近一家宾馆找老外聊天
免费带老外参观杭州城
高考两次落榜
1984年考上杭州师范学院(Teacher’s Institute)，现名杭州师范大学(Normal University)获得英语专业学士学位(a bachelor’s degree)
1999年起 带领18人的团队创办阿里巴巴
阿里巴巴成为电子商务(e-commerce)的巨头
阿里巴巴对人们的生活以及中国的经济产生了重大的影响
【写作要求】
只能用5个句子表达全部内容。
【评分标准】
句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
第二节： 读写任务(满分25)
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
"We live in Beijing where 175 days of the year are smogs, and I fear that my daughter will ask me one day 'What is blue sky?' As a mother and journalist, I needed to ask where smog comes from and what we can do."
Chai Jing, a former CCTV journalist said on the release of her documentary Under the Dome(穹顶之下). When her unborn daughter was diagnosed as having tumor(肿瘤), possibly as a result of the air pollution, Chai left CCTV and decided to make the video using her own money. The documentary, released for free online viewing on March 1, 2015, was watched more than 150 million times by March 3.
In the documentary, Chai talked to scientists and researchers and concluded that the burning of coal and oil is mainly to blame for the country's severe smog. She also explored the consequences of the air pollution and ways to solve it.
The 100-minute video, which has been widely spread online, has won both praise and criticism. Some say it has helped raise the awareness of ordinary Chinese and mobilized them to live simply to help reduce the air pollution while others argue over the correctness of the results given by Chai after a series of experiments.
【写作内容】
1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。
2. 以约120个词就“雾霾”谈谈你的看法，内容包括：
(1)你对柴静的行为有何评价;
(2)雾霾给你的生活或学习带来的影响;
(3)你认为普通公民怎样做才能有助于减轻雾霾。
【写作要求】
1.在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子;
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
2017金考卷英语高考题型小卷参考答案
Ⅰ语言知识及应用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
1-5 ADCAB 6-10 CBDCA 11-15 DBCBA
第二节 语法填空
16.when 17.the 18.from 19.quickly 20.to worry
21.with 22.but 23.explaining 24. felt 25.her
Ⅱ阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 阅读理解 (共20小题;每小题2分，满分40分)
26-30 CACBB 31-35 DBCAD 36-40 ADACD 41-45 ACDBA
第二节 信息匹配 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
46-50DCAFB
Ⅲ写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 基础写作 (共1小题，满分15分)
Born on September 10, 1963, in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, Ma Yun is the founder and Chairman of Alibaba Group and was recognized as the richest person in China in 2014. At an early age, Ma developed a desire to learn English so he rode his bike for 45 minutes each morning in order to go to a nearby hotel and chat with foreigners there. He would guide them around the city for free in order to practice and perfect his English. Later in his youth, although he failed the college entrance exam twice, he attended Hangzhou Teacher's Institute, currently known as Hangzhou Normal University, and graduated in 1988 with a bachelor's degree in English. In 1999, he established Alibaba Group with the help of a team of 18 people, which has developed into an e-commerce giant and exerted increasing influence on people’s lives as well as China’s economy.
第二节读写任务 (共1小题,满分25分)
Chai Jing, a Chinese journalist, recently released her self-funded documentary, in which she explored the causes and effects of smog in China and suggested some solutions. The documentary spread quickly online, arousing both applause and criticism.
I admire Chai greatly for she made the video independently by selecting the topic, doing the research and organizing the reports at her own expense. Never will we know how much effort and risks it took her to produce such an appealing documentary.
Sadly, I am also one of the victims of smog when it comes to the consequences brought by smog. Last semester I suffered from a nose problem which made it difficult for me to breathe especially after exercise. Having seen the doctor quite a few times, I became aware that the smoggy weather was held responsible for my misery.
Severe as smog is, there are a number of things that can be done to reduce it and every one of us ordinary citizens can help address the problem. For one thing, we can decrease energy use by turning off the electrical appliances in our houses if possible. For another, knowing that the emissions from cars contribute greatly to smog, we should choose walking, cycling, car pooling or public transportation instead of driving unnecessarily.
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2017金考卷英语高考题型小卷答案(2)
