学习啦——考试网>学历类考试>考研频道>考研备考>考研英语>

2018考研英语完型填空模拟题含答案

时间: 思晴925 分享

  为了方便2018参加考研的考生备考英语完型填空题,今天,学习啦小编准备了2018考研英语完型填空模拟题,以供考生练习。

  2018考研英语完型填空模拟题:【原文】

  Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD(Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development)countries,in particular,how to pay for future public pension liabilities. And early retirement places an__1__burden on pension financing. There is no easy solution,but__2__retirement could help. Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal,but it is a socially__3__one,and makes the present public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The__4__reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That means more retirees depending on the__5__of those in work for their income. The__6__is worrying. In the next 50 years,low fertility rates and__7__life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to roughly double__8__size. Public pension payments,which afford 30-80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries,are__9__to rise,on average,by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight percentage points in some countries.__10__is the pressure on pension funds that there is a danger of today‘s workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt they__11__for. Action is needed,__12__simply aiming to reduce the__13__(and cost)of public pensions,or trying to__14__the role of privately funded pensions within the system,though necessary steps,may be__15__to deal with the dependency challenge. After years of__16__early retirement schemes to avoid__17__and higher unemployment,many governments are now looking__18__persuading people to stay in work until they are older. Surely,the thinking goes,if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less__19__and unemployment is down,then perhaps the__20__rate should rise anew.

  2018考研英语完型填空模拟题:【题目】

  1.[A] unsolvable [B] additional [C] unsustainable [D] undue

  2.[A] delaying [B] retaining [C] detaining [D] hindering

  3.[A] ultimate [B] unattainable [C] specific [D] expensive

  4.[A] substantial [B] essential [C] potential [D] controversial

  5.[A] donating [B] sponsoring [C] subsidizing [D] funding

  6.[A] outlook [B] outcome [C] outbreak [D] outset

  7.[A] prolonging [B] expanding [C] soaring [D] rising

  8.[A] in [B] on [C] by [D] for

  9.[A] conceived [B] reckoned [C] expected [D] meant

  10.[A] As [B] Such [C] So [D] It

  11.[A] should pay [B] paying [C] be paid [D] would pay

  12.[A] but [B] for [C] and [D] thus

  13.[A] multitude [B] implementation [C] application [D] generosity

  14.[A] exaggerate [B] augment [C] magnify [D] multiply

  15.[A] insufficient [B] influential [C] inefficient [D] intrinsic

  16.[A] advancing [B] previous [C] ahead [D] preceding

  17.[A] suspensions [B] abundances [C] redundancies [D] discrepancies

  18.[A] for [B] to [C] about [D] at

  19.[A] turbulent [B] strenuous [C] compact [D] intricate

  20.[A] dependency [B] fertility [C] present [D] mortality

  2018考研英语完型填空模拟题:【答案】

  1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.B 11.C 12.A 13.D 14.B 15.A 16.A 17.C 18.D 19.B 20.C

  总体分析本文主要讨论了老龄化给经合组织国家现存养老体系带来的挑战。文章第一段指出老龄化给经合组织国家带来的挑战,并提出推迟退休可能对解决该问题有所帮助。第二段分析了早退休给养老体系带来的问题,即越来越多的人早退休而寿命延长,随着出生率的降低,就会有更多退休的人依靠更少工作的人来为他们养老,养老金在国家财政中所占的比例增加,成为无法承受的负担。第三段探讨了解决方法,指出仅仅减少公共养老金的数量,增加私有养老的比例是不够的,许多政府在考虑说服人们晚退休。

  全文翻译老龄化给经合组织国家,尤其是在如何支付未来的公共养老金负债方面,带来了严重的挑战。早退休给退休金的融资带来了难以承受的负担。没有什么简单的解决方案,但推迟退休(年龄)可能有所帮助。

  早退休可能看起来是个值得追求的个人目标,但对于社会来说却是昂贵的,它使当前的公共养老金系统难以持久。基本原因是更多的人退休早而寿命却更长。这意味着更多的退休人员要依赖在职者的资助作为收入。这一前景是令人担忧的。未来50年,经合组织国家的低出生率和预期寿命的增加将使这一老年依赖率提高大约一倍。占经合组织国家全部退休收入30%-80%的公共退休金的支出,在国内生产总值中的比例预期将平均增加超过三个百分点,而在有些国家甚至会增加八个百分点。养老基金的压力如此之大以至于现在的工人有得不到他们预期或认为应该得到的养老金的危险。

  行动是必需的,但仅仅试图减少公共养老金的慷慨度或增加系统内私有养老金的作用,尽管是必要的,但在应对这种依赖挑战方面仍是不够的。前些年为了避免下岗及高失业,政府采取提前早退休的方案,而现在许多政府正考虑劝说人们晚点退休。当然,他们是这么想的,如果现在我们更加健康了、工作对体力的要求降低了、失业率也降低了,那么(工作)出席率可能也该重新上升了。


猜你感兴趣:

1.考研英语怎么准备

2.2018年考研英语备考攻略

3.2018考研专业选择

4.2018考研英语单词记忆技巧

5.考研英语作文怎么准备

6.考研英语复习小技巧

2018考研英语完型填空模拟题含答案

为了方便2018参加考研的考生备考英语完型填空题,今天,学习啦小编准备了2018考研英语完型填空模拟题,以供考生练习。 2018考研英语完型填空模拟题:【原文】 Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD(Organization of Economic Co-operation and Developme
推荐度:
点击下载文档文档为doc格式

精选文章

  • 2018考研英语完型填空模拟题带答案
    2018考研英语完型填空模拟题带答案

    完型填空题是考研英语的必考题型,考生需要多做模拟题来巩固知识。今天,学习啦小编准备了2018考研英语完型填空模拟题,以供考生练习。 2018考研英语

  • 2018考研英语完型填空模拟题附答案
    2018考研英语完型填空模拟题附答案

    2018考研英语完型填空的复习,需要考生多做模拟题来熟悉题型,提高做题的准确率。今天,学习啦小编准备了2018考研英语完型填空模拟题,以供考生练习

  • 2018考研英语完型填空模拟题及答案
    2018考研英语完型填空模拟题及答案

    2018考研英语完型填空题的备考,做模拟题是必要的。今天,学习啦小编准备了2018考研英语完型填空模拟题,以供考生练习。 2018考研英语完型填空模拟题:

  • 2018考研英语阅读理解解题技巧
    2018考研英语阅读理解解题技巧

    阅读理解在考研英语中占很重要的位置,那么你知道做考研英语阅读理解有哪些技巧吗?下面学习啦小编为你介绍2018考研英语阅读理解解题技巧,以供参考

1122