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九年级英语词汇辨析专题讲解

时间: 若木623 分享

  导语:九年级是中学阶段的最后一年,面临升中考的压力,在这重要时期里,我们应该怎样学好九年级英语呢?以下是学习啦小编为你整理的关于九年级英语学习方法的文章,希望能对您有所帮助:

  1. Maybe/ may be

  (1) maybe是副词,意思是“大概,也许”,常用作状语。

  Maybe you put it in your bag.也许你把它放在包里了。

  “Will he come tomorrow?”“Maybe not.” “他明天来吗?”“也许不”。

  (2) may be相当于是情态动词may与be动词搭配一起作谓语,意思是“也许是…,可能是…”。

  It may be 9:00 when they arrive.他们可能于九点到达。

  The man may be a lawyer. 那人也许是律师。

  2. borrow / lend/ keep/ use

  (1) borrow表示的是从别人那里借来东西,即我们通常所说的“借进来”。

  We often borrow books from our school library.我们经常从学校图书馆借书。

  I borrowed this dictionary from my teacher. 我从老师那儿借来了这本字典。

  borrow是一个瞬间完成的动作,因此不能与时间段连用。

  You can borrow my recorder for three days. ( 错误 )

  I have borrowed this book for only one week. ( 错误 )

  (2) lend表示的是把自己的东西借给别人,即我们通常所说的“借出去”。

  Thank you for lending me your bike.谢谢你把自行车借给我。

  He often lends money to his brother.他经常借钱给他弟弟。

  lend与borrow一样,也是一个瞬间完成的 动作,不能与一段时间连用。

  (3) keep的意思也是“借”,但一般是指借来后的保存或使用阶段,是一段持续的时间,因此可以与时间段连用。

  You can keep my recorder for three days.我的录音机你可以借用三天。

  I have kept this book for only one week.这本书我才刚借了一星期。

  (4) use也可以当“借用”讲,但它的本意是“用,使用”。

  May I use your ruler? 我能借你的尺子用一下吗?

  He had to use this public telephone.他不得不使用这部公用电话。

  3. leave/ leave for

  (1) leave意思是“离开,留下”。

  We left Shanghai two years ago.我们两年前离开了上海。

  He left his cell phone in the taxi last week.他上周把手机落在出租车里了。

  (2) leave for意思是“前往”,表示要去的目的地。

  We will leave for Tibet next month.我们将于下月去西藏。

  The train is leaving for Moscow.这趟火车即将开往莫斯科。

  4. since/ for

  (1) since用于完成时态,既能用作介词,也能用作连词,后常接时间点,意思是“自从”。

  He has been a worker since he came into this city.

  自从他来到这个城市,他就是工人了。

  I have never seen him since we last met in Shanghai .

  自从我们上次在上海见过之后,我再也没见过他。

  since作连词,还有“既然”的意思。

  Since you are interested in it, just do it. 既然你对它感兴趣,那就做吧。

  You can have fun now since you’ve finished your work.

  既然你已经做完了功课,就开心玩会儿吧。

  (2) for用于完成时,用作介词,后常接一段时间,意思是“经过…”。

  I have learned English for five years.我已经学了五年英语了。

  They have waited for you for 30 minutes.他们已经等了你三十分钟了。

  for也可以用作连词,但意思是“因为”。

  They missed the flight for they were late.他们由于完到了而误了航班。

  He fell ill for many reasons.他由于多种原因病倒了。

  5. neither/ either/ both

  (1) neither作代词是对两者都进行否定,意思为“两者都不”,作主语时谓语动词用单数.

  Neither of the boys is from England.这两个男孩都不是来自英国。

  I know neither of them. 他们两个我都不认识。

  neither用作形容词,也修饰单数名词,意思与作代词时相同;用作连词时,一般与nor搭配,表示 “既不…也不”。作主语时,谓语动词也遵循就近原则。

  She neither ate nor drank yesterday. 她昨天既不吃也不喝。

  Neither he nor we play football on Sundays. 他和我们星期天都不踢球。

  (2) either作代词时,是指两者中的任意一方,(两者之)每一个,故作主语时谓语动词用单数.

  Either of the books is new.这两本书任何一本都是新的.

  She doesn’t like either of the films.这两部电影她都不喜欢.

  either作形容词, 用来修饰单数名词,意思与作介词时相同.

  Either school is near my home. (这两所学校中的)任何一所学校都离我家很近.

  Either question is difficult.两个问题(中的任何一个)都难.

  either作连词时,一般与or搭配,表示两者选其一,意思是“不是…就是”。作主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则。

  Either he or I am right.不是他就是我是对的。

  Either my sister or my parents are coming to see me.不是我姐姐就是我父母要来看我。

  (3) both作代词时,指的是所涉及到的“两者都”, 故作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

  I like both of the stories.这两个故事我都喜欢。

  Both of my parents are teachers.我父母两人都是老师。

  both作形容词时,用来修饰两者,意思与作代词时相同.

  Both his arms are hurt.他的两只胳膊都受伤了。

  Both these students are good at English. 这两个学生都擅长英语。

  both用作连词时,多与and搭配,表示“既…又, 不仅…而且”, 作主语时,谓语动词仍用复数形式。

  Both piano and violin are my bobbies.钢琴和小提琴都是我的爱好。

  They study both history and physics. 他们既学历史,又学物理。

  6. find/look for/ find out

  (1) find强调找的结果,意思是“找到”。此外还有“发现,发觉”的意思,后可接宾语从句。

  Jim couldn’t find his hat.吉姆找不着帽子了。

  Have you found your lost keys? 你找到丢失的钥匙了吗?

  He found the lights were on along the street.他发现沿街的灯都亮了

  (2) look for的意思为“寻找”,指的是找的动作而非结果。另外,还有“盼望,期待”的意思。

  She is looking for her son.她正在找她的儿子。

  We’ve been looking for the car since early this morning.我们从今天一大早就开始找这辆车了。

  I look for the coming holiday.我期待着即将来临的假期。

  (3) find out含有经过观察、研究或探索而得知的意思,后常接较抽象的事物,意思是“找出,发现,查明(真相)”等。

  I can find out who took my money away.我能查出谁拿了我的钱。

  Could you find out when the plane arrives? 你能设法知道飞机何时到吗?

  7. forget to do/ forget doing

  (1) forget to do是指忘记去做某件事了,即该事还没有做。

  Please don’t forget to call this afternoon.今天下午不要忘了给我打电话。

  I forgot to take some small change with me.我身上忘了带零钱了。

  (2) forget doing是指忘记某件已经做过的事情,即该事已经做了,但被忘记了。

  He forgot telling me his address.他忘了告诉过我地址了。

  They forgot having been here before.他们忘了以前曾来过这儿。

  8. stop doing/ stop to do

  (1) stop doing是指停止做某事,即doing这个动作不再继续。

  They stopped debating.他们停止了辩论。(不辩论了)

  He had to stop driving as the traffic lights changed in to red. 由于交通灯变成了红色,他不得不停车。

  (2) stop to do是指停下来开始做另一件事,即停止原先的事,开始做do这个动作。

  She stopped to have a rest.她停下来休息会儿。(开始休息)

  They stopped to talk.他们停下来开始交谈。

  9. except/ besides

  (1) except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”,可以理解为“撇开…不谈”,表示两部分的不同。

  Everyone is excited except me.

  除我以外的每个人都很激动。(他们激动,而我却不激动)

  All the visitors are Japanese except him.

  除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。(其他人是日本人,可他不是)

  (2)besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”,可以理解为“除之外…还、除之外…又”,表示两部分的相似性。

  Twenty-five students went to the cinema besides him.

  除他以外,还有25个学生去看了电影。(他和另外25人都去了)

  We like biology besides English.

  除了英语外,我们还喜欢生物。(生物和英语都喜欢)

  besides还可用作副词,意思是“此外;而且”,常用于句首或句尾。

  He is a great thinker, and besides, he is a politician.

  他是一名伟大的思想家,除此以外,他还是一位政治家。

  They encouraged me, and they supported me with money, besides.

  他们不仅鼓励我,而且与我以金钱上的支持。

  10. keep doing/ keep on doing

  (1) keep doing指的是连续地、坚持不断地做某事,中间不间断。

  It kept blowing for a whole day.刮了一整天风了。

  The temperature keeps dropping.温度持续下降。

  (2) keep on doing是指反复坚持做某事,但动作之间略有间隔。

  They have kept on writing to each other for many years.他们已经互相通信多年了。

  After drinking some water, he kept on talking.喝了一些水后,他坚持讲话。

  1. seem/ look

  (1) seem一般着重于以客观迹象为依据,意思是“似乎、好象、看起来…”。

  The baby seems to be happy.婴儿看上去似乎很高兴。

  He seemed to be sorry for that.他似乎为那件事感到抱歉。

  seem能与to do结构连用,而look不能。

  It seems to rain. 似乎要下雨了。

  They seemed to have finished their work.他们似乎已经完成了工作。

  在it作形式主语的句型中只能用seem。

  It seems that he is quite busy now.他现在看起来很忙。

  It seems to us that there is nothing serious.在我看来没什么大不了的。

  (2) look用作“看起来;好像”时,常从物体的外观或样貌上来判断,是以视觉所接受的印象为依据的。

  The room looks clean.这间房看起来很干净。

  The girl looks like her mother.那女孩看起来向她的妈妈。

  2. such/ so

  Don’t be such a fool.别这么傻。

  He is such a clever boy.他是如此聪明的一个男孩。

  (2) so是副词,用来修饰形容词或副词。

  He is so kind! 他真好心!

  Why did you come so late? 你为何回来得如此晚?

  当名词前有many, much, few, little等表示多、少时,应该用so。

  He has so many friends.他有如此多的朋友。

  Only so little time is left! 才剩这么一点儿时间!

  3. either/ too/ also

  (1)either用作“也”时是副词,常用于否定句句尾。

  She is not a Japanese, I’m not, either.她不是日本人,我也不是。

  My sister doesn’t like this song, either.我妹妹也不喜欢这首歌。

  (2)too常用于肯定句或疑问句尾,表示“也”。

  He likes China, too.他也喜欢中国。

  Are you in Grade 3, too? 你也在三年级吗?

  (3)also也常用于肯定句或疑问句,但一般位于句中。

  We are also students.我们也是学生。

  He also went there on foot.他也是走着去的。

  Did you also want to have a look? 你也想看看吗?

  4. if/ whether

  在下列情况下只能用whether而非if:

  (1)与or not连用时,只能用whether.

  We want to know whether you are ill or not. 我们想知道你是否生病了。

  Please tell me whether or not you have finished your work.

  请告诉我们你是否完成了工作。

  (2)后接动词不定式时,只能用whether.

  Adam didn’t know whether to go or stay.亚当不知道是走还是留。

  He hasn’t decided whether to have dinner with me.他还没决定是否和我共进晚餐。

  (3)所引导的宾语从句放在主句之前时,只能用whether.

  Whether it will rain or snow, we don’t mind. 我们不在乎将要刮风还是下雨。

  Whether I won or lost, she didn’t want to know.我是赢是输她不想知道。

  (4)引导主语从句或表语从句时,一般用whether.

  The most important was whether they had gone.最重要的是他们是不是已经走了。

  Whether he will go with me is a secret.他是否会和我一起去还是个秘密。

  if能引导条件状语从句,表示“如果,假如”,而whether没有此用法。

  We’ll have a football match if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.如果明天不下雨,我们要进行足球赛。

  I’ll tell him if I sees him.我看见他就告诉他。

  If you’re in danger, please call 110.如果你遇到危险,请拨打110。

  5. cost/ spend/ pay/ take

  (1) cost一般用某物来做主语,表示“(某物)值…、花费…”,既能指花费时间也能指金钱。

  The new bike costs me 300 yuan.这辆新自行车花了我三百元。

  It will cost you a whole to read through this book.通读这本书将会花费你整整一周时间。

  cost 还可以用作名词,表示“成本、费用、价格、代价”等。

  What’s the cost of this TV set? 这台电视机的成本是多少钱?

  They succeeded at the cost of hard work.他们辛苦地工作换来的成功。

  (2) spend一般用某人来作主语,表示“(某人)花费…,付出…”,也能指时间或金钱,指时间时常与in搭配,指金钱时常与on或for搭配。

  We spent two days in repairing this machine.我们花了两天时间修理这台机器。

  Mr. Lee spends on books every month.李先生每月花二十美元在书上。

  (3) pay用作动词时,一般也以某人作主语,但一般指花钱、付款等,很少用来指花费时间。常与for搭配使用。

  They paid 70 yuan for the tickets.他们花了七十元买票。

  He was too poor to pay for his schooling.他穷得交不起学费。

  pay还可以用作名词,意思为“薪水、工资”等。

  It’s hard for me to live with such low pay.我很难靠这么低的薪水生活下去。

  (4)take也指“花费(时间、金钱)”,但通常用某事、某物做主语,或用形式主语it.

  How long will the meeting take? 会议要开多久?

  It took me several hours to get there. 我花了几个小时才到那儿。

  6. bad/ badly

  这两个词的意思含有“坏、糟、严重”等意思,且它们有共同的比较级worse和最高级worst 。

  (1) bad是一个形容词,意思是“坏的,糟糕的,差的,严重的”。

  I don’t think he is a bad person.我并不认为他是一个坏人。

  I had a bad headache.我的头疼得很厉害。

  (2)badly是一个副词,意思是“不好地,差”,也可以表示程度,意为“严重地,非常,极度”。

  We need help badly.我们急需帮助。

  His arm was badly hurt.他的胳膊严重受伤了。

  7. interested/ interesting

  (1) interested是指“对…产生兴趣的,对…感兴趣的”,一般用人做主语,后常用介词in.

  He was interested in biology before.他以前对生物感兴趣。

  I’m not interested in art.我对艺术不感兴趣。

  (2)interesting的意思是“有趣的”,指能够给人带来兴趣的某人或某事物。

  He is an interesting old man.他是个有趣的老头。

  The interesting story attracted me. 这个有趣的故事吸引了我。

  8. dead/ die/ death/ dying

  (1) dead是形容词,意思为“死了的、无生命的”,表示状态,可以与一段时间连用。

  The tree has been dead for ten years.这棵树死了有十年了。

  The rabbits are all dead. 这些兔子都是死的。

  (2) die是动词,意思为“死、死亡”,是一个瞬间动词,不能与一段时间连用。

  My grandpa died two years ago.我爷爷两年前去世了。

  The old man died of cancer.老人死于癌症。

  (3) death是名词,意思为“死亡、去世”等。

  The memorial hall was built one year after his death.

  他死后一年,纪念馆建成了。

  His death is a great loss to us.他的死是我们的巨大损失。

  (4) dying 是die的现在分词,用作形容词,意思是“垂死的、即将死去的”。

  The doctors have saved the dying man.医生们救活了那个垂死的人。

  The poor dog had no food, it was dying.可怜的狗没有食物,快要饿死了。

  1. think/ think/about/ think of

  (1) think 单独使用时表示"思考", 接that 宾语从句时意为"认为","觉得"。

  I am thinking how to work out the problem.

  I think she is a good student.

  当宾语从句含有否定概念时,通常形式上否定think ,但意义上却是否定宾语从句。

  I don't think he can come.

  I don't think it will be windy.

  (2)think about 可接一个名词,动词-ing 形式或由疑问词引导的不定式或宾语从句,意思是"考虑……"。

  I have thought about it for a long time.

  Please think about how to tell her the bad news.

  (3)think of 表示"认为", 一般用于疑问句中,与what 连用。

  What do you think of the TV play? = How do you like the TV play?

  2. big/ large/ great

  上述形容词都表示"大",但侧重点及程度不同。

  (1) big指具体事物的大小,强调比正常形体的标准大,既可用在普通场合,也可用在正式场合。它可用来指人的身材高大或"长大了",还可表示"伟大","重要"之意。如:

  Can you lift up this big stone?

  On the last day I made a big decision.

  (2) large特别强调远远超过标准的大,指体积、面积、容积、数量之大。如:

  A whale is a large animal.

  A large crowd collected at the gate of the theatre.

  (3) great除了表示数量体积之大外,又指抽象的程度,意味着伟大性,重要性,优越性;常用于抽象

  或无形的东西;用于有形的东西时,常带有"伟大","大得令人吃惊"等意思,含有一定的感情色彩。如:

  China is a great country with a long history.

  He was one of the greatest scientists.

  3. cost/ take/ spend/ pay

  (1) cost表示"花钱",花费,付出(只能用于钱、精力、生命等;主语必须是物。)

  The book cost me five yuan.

  (2) take的主语是动词不定式, 通常用it做形式主语。

  It took me five yuan to buy the book...

  (3) spend,在主动语句中主语是人

  I spent five yuan on (for) the book.或I spent five yuan (in) buying the book.

  (4) pay的主语是人。

  I paid five yuan for the book.

  4. expensive/ high/ cheap/ low

  这四个词在谈论到价格的高低时,要注意使用。expensive与high涉及到价格"高",而cheap 与low涉及到价格"低"。

  (1) expensive昂贵的,花钱多的。这个单词若谈到"价格高,货贵"时,其主语不能是价格,必须是货物、物品本身。如:

  This watch is expensive. 这只表很贵。

  These glass-products are not expensive. 这些玻璃制品不是很值钱。

  注意:cheap表示"价廉","便宜的",其主语也不能是价格,必须是物品本身。如:

  The cheap table was bought from him. 这张便宜的桌子是他卖给我们的。

  This cloth doll is very cheap. 这只布娃娃很便宜。

  (2)high在表示价格时,含义是"高",low在表示价格时,含义是"低",这两个词不能用于物品本身,只能用在价格上。如:

  The price of this watch is very high. 这只表的价格太高了。

  The price of this book is not low for me. 这本书的价格对我来说是不低。

  下面我们试看几个句子的正误对照:

  The price of this computer is expensive.

  (宜改为:This computer is expensive. 或The price of this computer is high. )

  The price of this pen is not cheap for him to buy.

  (宜改为:This pen is not cheap for him to buy. 或 The price of this pen is not low for him. )

  5. alone/ lonely

  lonely 与alone的意思比较接近,但在使用时有所区别:

  (1)lonely用作形容词,意思是"孤单的;寂寞的"。可指心灵上的寂寞,也可指偏僻的地点。在句中既可作表语,也可作定语。

  (2)alone 可作形容词和副词,意思是"单独;独自",不指心理上寂寞的感觉。

  She was taken to a lonely island, lived alone, but she never felt lonely.

  她被带到一个荒岛上,自己居住,但她从不感到寂寞。

  6. before long/ long before

  (1)before long 作“不久以后”讲,切不要按字面译为“长时间以前”或“好久以前”。如:

  We hope to finish our experiment before long. 我们希望不久(以后)就把实验做完。

  (2)long before 作"很久以前"讲。原意为"……以前很久",故也可译为"老早"。long before 跟before long

  不同,前者在其后面可以接名词或一个从句;当上下文明确时,名词或从句还可以省略。Before long 则没有上述搭配用法。

  They began the test yesterday, but we had made experiment long before.

  我们昨天开始做实验,但我们在那以前很久就已经做准备了。

  7. as/ when/ while

  (1)as 是连词,意思是"当……的时候,一面……一面",(强调同时,一般连续时间不长),如:

  As we were talking about Titanic, our teacher came in.

  正当我们谈论"泰坦尼克号"这部电影时,教师进来了。

  The students sing as they go along. 学生们边走边唱。

  (2)When和as一样都是连词,注意它们的不同。如when"当……的时候"(一般表示动作紧接着发生);"那时"(等立连词,前有逗号分开)

  I stayed till sunset, when it began to rain. 我一直呆到太阳下山,那时天开始下雨了。

  (3)while是"当……时候;和……同时"(强调同时发生,一般连续时间较长)

  While I was watching TV, he was reading. 当我在看电视的时候,他正在看书。

  While there is life, there is hope. 有生命就有希望。

  8. beat/win/ hit

  (1)beat 是动词,意思是"连续地打; 打败; 敲打"。beat后可接人或队名。意思是"击败对手。"如:

  I can beat you at swimming.

  (2)win意思是"赢得某个项目",后面常接"match, game"。如:

  He won a game. 他胜一局。

  We won a match. 我们比赛得胜。

  (3)hit意思是"击中"(有时可表示"打一下")。如:

  The mother hit her child out of anger. 妈妈生气,打了她孩子一下。

  9. keep doing/keep on doing

  (1)keep doing侧重表示"持续不停地做某事"或"持续某种状态"。如:

  The girl kept crying all the time. 那个女孩一直在哭。

  The baby kept sleeping about four hours. 这个婴儿连续睡了大约四个小时。

  (2)keep on doing 表示"总不断做某事",不表示静止状态。不能与sitting, sleeping, lying, standing这类词连用。如:

  It kept on raining for seven days.

  Don't keep on asking such silly questions.

  10. get/ turn/ become

  这三个词都可作系动词用,表示状态的变化,后跟表语,但三个词的用法稍有不同。get强调情感、气候和环境的变化;turn强调色彩的变化;而become则强调职务、职称等的变化。如:

  The days are getting shorter and shorter in winter.冬天的白天越来越短。

  She couldn't answer the question and her face turned red.她回答不出问题,脸红了。

  When did you become a teacher? - Ten years ago.你什么时候当的老师?十年前。

九年级英语词汇辨析专题讲解

导语:九年级是中学阶段的最后一年,面临升中考的压力,在这重要时期里,我们应该怎样学好九年级英语呢?以下是学习啦小编为你整理的关于九年级英语学习方法的文章,希望能对您有所帮助: 1. Maybe/ may be (1) maybe是副词,意思是大概
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