人教版高二英语上册第二单元知识点
高二的同学想学好英语这门学科的知识点，不仅上课时要善于做好英语知识点的笔记，下课后要懂得做英语知识点的总结归纳。以下是小编给你推荐的高二英语上册第二单元知识点，希望对你有帮助!
英语第二单元知识点
非谓语动词在同一成分中用法的辨析
1.做主语：-般来说，不定式和动名词成份相同时，表示客观性、一般性行为为多用动名词表示，而表示一次性、具体性行为则多用不定式。
Looking after children is her job.
To clean the classroom is his job today.
2.做宾语：
I like swimming, but I don't like to swim today because I don't feel well.
(1).有些动词只能接不定式做宾语，这些动词接上不定式，含有明显的主观性和将来性意义。如：help，hope，ask，refuse，decide，promise，wish，pretend，expect，arrange，learn，plan，demand，dare，manage，agree，prepare，fail，determine，offer，choose，desire，elect，long，(happen，seem)，等等。
He refused to speak on the radio.
He desired to see you.
(2)..有些动词只接动名词做宾语，这些动词接上动名词，含有明显的"依据往事或经验来作出理解和判断"的意思。mind，finish，enjoy，suggest，permit，appreciate，consider，miss，dislike，keep(on)，avoid，permit，imagine，risk，escape，admit，stand(忍受)，allow，forbid，excuse，等等。
短语动词：give up，put off，look forward to，feel like，insist on，object to，prevent…from，set about，can't help，be/get used to等
短语：be worth doing，be no good doing，be no use doing，be busy doing等
The mother did agree to let the boy risk swimming across the river.
She can't stand having nothing to do at home.
His wife doesn't allow smoking inside the room and often advised him to give up smoking.
All the family insisted on my staying with them a few days longer.
It's no good learning without practicing.
I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.
She doesn't feel like eating anything，being ill for a few days.
(3).有些动词后面既可接不定式，又可接动名词，其意义基本相同，区别不大。如;like，love，hate，delay，continue，attempt(企图)，afford(提供)，prefer.omit(省略)，begin，start.
The Einsteins, however, could not afford to pay for(or：paying for)the advanced education that young Albert needed.
I prefer staying (to stay) at home on Sunday.
注意：begin和start本身为进行时，或后面动词为心理变化意义的动词时，须接不定式。
When we came in, they were beginning to have supper.
After his explanation, I began to understand it / realize that I was wrong.
(4).有些词后面既可以接不定式.亦可接动名词，但其意义有很大区别，须特别注意：
A.remember，forget，regret接动名词，表示完成意义(=having done)，接不定式，表示将来意义：
Please remember to bring me the book I want next time.
I remember seeing her (=having seen her) somewhere before.
Don't forget to write to me soon.
I never forget visiting (=having visited) them for the first time.
I regret missing that good film last week.(后悔干……事)
I regret not taking (not having taken) your advice.
I regret to say I can't take your advice. (遗憾=be sorry)
B.mean：mean to do=want to do打算，想要……;mean doing：意味着，就是
I am sorry, I didn't mean to hurt your feelings，
I meant to call on you, but I was so busy.
Learning a foreign language doesn't mean just working in class.
C.stop：stop to do停下来，要干另一件事，不定式作目的状语;stop doing停止干……，动名词作宾语。
After some time, they stopped walking and had a rest.
After walking some time, they stopped to have a rest.
D.try：try to do，努力，试图干……事;try doing：试着干……事
He searched everywhere and tried to find his key.
He came to the city from the countryside and tried to find a job.
The mother is out and the boy had to try cooking for himself.
They tried to succeed and tried doing their experiments again and again.
E.want，need，require接动名词表示被动意义，表示"需要、该……";接不定式，表示"想，要干……"
The room wants cleaning.
The bike requires repairing.
These young trees require looking after.
The matter needs thinking over.(=to be thought over)
A Mr. Wang wants to see you.
You don't need to leave so early.
F.go on：go on to do继续干和原来不同的另一件事，不定式作目的状语。
go on doing继续干原来同一件事，动名词作宾语。
After a smoke，he went on telling us that interesting story.
After writing his English composition he went on to work out his maths problems.
G.动词advise，allow，permit，forbid后面接单宾语时用动名词，接复合宾语时用动词不定式。
Doctors advise giving up smoking to benefit one's health.
The doctor advised him to give up smoking so as to improve his health.
She doesn't allow (permit) smoking in her room.=She doesn't allow (permit)anyone to smoke in her room.
Parking is forbidden here.=Any cars not permitted to park here.
3.做宾补：
不定式可以表示一次性、具体性行为，以及将来意义的行为。现在分词可以表示当时正在发生的进行意义的行为，亦可表示-个持续时间的延续性的行为动作。过去分词可以表示完成意义的行为或状态，及物动词的过去分词亦有被动意义，不及物动词的过去分词仍是主动意义。
When I came in, I saw her dancing happily.
I often hear her sing songs in English in her room.
They had the lights burning all night long.
I saw Li Ping pass by and enter the next room just now.
The mother will have the doctor examine her son again.
Tomorrow I'll have my hair cut.
When I got home I found the window broken and the thief gone away already.
When they returned to their hometown, after an absence of twenty years, they found everything changed.
4.做表语：
不定式和动名词做表语解释主语内容，且可以和主语颠倒，意思仍然通顺，回答what的问题。它们有时存在经常性和一次性行为的区别，分词做表语表明主语的性质、特征和状态，不能和主语颠倒，可以回答how的问题。
Her job is cleaning offices.(What is her job?) (Cleaning offices is her job.)
Our job today is to clean the office.(=To clean the office is our job today.)
The news is very exciting.(How is the news?)
They are very tired after a long walk.
The door is locked now.
The children are well dressed these days.
英语第二单元练习题
He _____________ English stories.
2.公共汽车上挤满了乘客。
The bus _____________ passengers.
3.在我昨天晚上看的电影里,男主人公第一次见到女主人公时就爱上了她。
In the movie I saw last night, the hero _______ the heroine when he first sees her.
4.他没有给我钱而是给了我一些很有价值的建议。
He gave me some valuable ___________________.
5.交通问题本应引起地方政府的注意。
The traffic problem ____________the local _____________.
II. 用所给动词(短语)的适当形式填空。
burn down , reflect, injure, complete, ignore
1. His house _____ by the enemy soldiers.
2.I can’t _____ his rudeness any longer.
3.Dead and _____ people lay everywhere after the bomb went off.
4.The calm lake _____ the trees on the shore.
5.I need one more stamp before my collection _____.
III. 句型转化:每空填一词,使该句与所给句子的意思相同。
1.Maybe he is in his twenties.
Maybe he is _____ _____ twenty years old.
2.Wealth is seldom connected with happiness.
Wealth is seldom _____ _____ happiness.
3.When he was asked where he was from, the Frenchman said he was from Paris.
_____ _____ _____ _____ from, the Frenchman said he was from Paris.
4.The road that is covered with ice is very slippery.
The road _____ _____ ice is very slippery.
KEY:
I. 1. is addicted to reading
2. is /was crowded with
3. falls in love with
4. advice rather than money
5. should have drawn, government’s attention
II. 1. was burned down 2. ignore
3. injured 4. reflected / reflects
5. is completed
III. 1. more than 2. related to
3. Asked where he was
4. covered with
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