易错的英语不定代词(2)
易错的英语不定代词
3.other和another的用法
(1)相同之处
A.两个词都具有名词性质和形容词性质，既可指人，也可指物。
I have two brothers. One is a teacher. The other is a doctor.(名词性质，指人)
我由两个哥哥。一个是老师，另一个是医生。
Where's my other glove?(形容词性质，指物)
我的另一只手套在哪儿?
She is going to have another baby. (形容词性质，指人)
她要添一个小孩了。
This shirt is too big; I'll try another. (名词性质，指物)
这件衬衫太大了，我再试一件。
B.两个词都可以与one搭配使用。
Both of them left. One took a taxi， and the other walked home.
他们俩都走了。一个人打车回家，另一个人则步行回家。
One boy was reading， another was writing， the third was singing.
一个男孩在读书，另一个在写字，第三个在唱歌。
(2)不同之处：other与the、my、your等连用，指两者中的“另一个”;another指多个中的“另一个”。
Open your other eye.
睁开你的另一只眼睛。
He is standing at the other side of the street.
他站在街道的另一边。
There are two foreigners in the office. One is from Japan and the other is from Korea.
办公室里有两个外国人。一个日本人，一个韩国人。(特指两个中的另一个)
Would you like another (orange)?
你还想要个(橘子)吗?
需要说明的是：others是another的复数形式，表示“另外的人或物”。
In the park， there are lots of students. Some are flying kites. Others are playing balls.
公园里有很多学生。有一些在放风筝，其他(一些)人在玩球。
In the park， there are lots of students. Some are flying kites. The others are playing balls.
公园里有很多学生。有一些在放风筝，其他人(都)在玩球。
4.every和each的用法
(1)相同之处
A.两个词都具有形容词性质，都可以用作定语，表示“每一个”。
We went jogging every day.
我们每天都慢跑。
Each boy has a basketball member card.
每个男孩都有一张篮球会员证。
B.两个词作主语的定语时，谓语动词都用单数。
Every /Each room is clean and tidy.
每个房间都很整洁。
(2)不同之处
A.each除了具有形容词性质之外，还具有名词性质，而every没有名词性质。
She gave two apples to each.
她给了每个人两个苹果。
Each is worse than the one before.
一个比一个差。
正是由于这个原因，each可以与of结构搭配，而every不能。
each of us(√)
every of us(×)
each of the children(√)
every of the children(×)
B.each强调个体，而every 强调整体。
He can get up for about two hours each day.
他每天都可以起床活动大约两个小时。
He has already been to nearly every country.
他已经到过几乎所有国家。
5.some和any的用法
(1)相同之处：这两个词都具有形容词性质和名词性质，都可代替和修饰可数名词和不可数名词，意思是“一些、若干”。
(2)不同之处
A.some多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。
I have some questions.
我有些问题。
I don't have any questions.
我没有问题。
Do you have any questions?
你有问题吗?
If you have any questions， put up your hands.
如果你有问题，请举手。
B.在表示邀请、请求、建议等的疑问句中，用some.
Would you like some orange juice?
你想要点橙汁吗?
Will you please give me some cookies?
请给我一些饼干。
C.some可以表示“某一个”。
He went to some place in Africa.
他到非洲某地去了。
D.Some还可以表示“大约” ，通常用于数字前。
Some 40 people took part in the meeting.
大约有40个人参加了会议。
That was some twenty years ago.
那大约是20年前。
E.any还可以用于肯定句，意思是“任一的，每一的”和“任何一个(或一些)人”。
You can buy sugar at any big store.
你可以在任何大商店里买到糖。
It is not yet known to any.
这事目前谁也不知道。
6.some(-thing，-body，-one)和any(-thing，-body，-one)的用法
(1)相同之处：这些代词都具有名词性质，表示“某人”、“某物”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。
(2)不同之处
A.some (-thing， -body， -one) 多用于肯定句，any (-thing， -body， -one)多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。
Somebody lost his/her coat.
有人丢失了外套。
I don't need anything.
我什么都不需要。
Do you need anything?
你需要什么吗?
If you want anything， call me.
你要是需要什么，就叫我。
B.在表示邀请、请求、建议等的疑问句中，用some (-thing， -body， -one)。
Would you like something to drink?
你要点喝的吗?
Will someone go and get a bottle of water?
谁去拿瓶水来?
C.any (-thing， -body， -one) 可以用于肯定句，表示“任何事”或“任何人”。
We would do anything for her.
为了她，我们什么都可以干。
Anybody can join us.
任何人都可以参加。
7.many和much的用法
(1)相同之处：many和much都具有形容词性质和名词性质，表示“许多”，主要用作定语。
The hen laid many eggs.
母鸡下了很多蛋。
Take as much milk as you want.
牛奶你要多少就拿多少。
注意：not many相当于few.not much相当于little.
(2)不同之处
A.many用来修饰可数名词，much用来修饰不可数名词。
Are there many birds in the sky?
天空中鸟多吗?
Is there much water in the bottle?
瓶子中水多吗?
B.How many用于询问可数名词的量有多少;
How much用于询问不可数名词的量有多少;
How much还可用于询问价钱和金额。
How many bananas are in the basket?
篮子里有多少香蕉?
How much beef do you want?
你想要(买)多少牛肉?
How much did you pay for the pork?
这些猪肉你付了多少钱?
How much are these apples?
这些苹果多少钱?