which 在定语从句中的用法(2)

which 在定语从句中的用法

　　总结：

　　( 1 ) Which 指前面主句所提到的这件事，常译为“这件事，这一点”等; as 具有“正如、像、由„„而知、与„„一致”的意思。

　　He was elected mayor of the city, which made us happy.

　　他被选为这个市的市长，这使我们很高兴。

　　As we expected, he didn't appear at the party.

　　正如我们所预料，他没有在聚会上出现。

　　( 2 ) Which 在句法上一般用作实义动词的主语，这时它所引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列、因果关系;句法上， as 常作一些实义动词(如 see, know, report, watch, remember, say, tell, show, expert, guess 等)的宾语。

　　I bought my sister a big toy, which ( = and that ) delighted her greatly.

　　我给妹妹买了一个大玩具，这使她非常高兴。

　　As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

　　众所周知，月球每个月环绕地球运行一次。

　　( 3 ) which 引导的非限定性定语从句位置比较固定，通常位于句末，不可移至句首;而 as 所引导的非限定性定语从句的位置比较灵活，可以位于句末，也可以位于句首或句中。

　　Taiwan is a beautiful island, as (= which ) we know.

　　正如我们所知，台湾是一个美丽的岛屿。

　　As (不用 Which ) he realized, I was very useful to him.

　　他意识到我对他很有用。

　　Mary, as we had expected, passed the exam.

　　正如我们所预料， Mary 通过了考试。

　　( 4 )当从句的谓语动词是否定形式或从句谓语动词接了一个复合宾语结构时，一般用 which 而不用 as 。

　　He pretended not to know me, which I didn't understand. 他假装不认识我，我真不明白为什么。

　　He admires everyone in the class, which I find quite strange. 他羡慕班里的每个学生，我觉得很奇怪。

　　( 5 )不能省去非限定性定语从句中的 be 动词时，用 which (反之则用 as )。

　　Jane told me she won the match, which was a lie.

　　简告诉我她赢得了比赛，这是谎话。( was 不可省略) As (was)planned, we met at the airport. 正如计划那样，我们在飞机场见面了。( was 可省略)