如何学习英语

如何学习英语

　　“天助自助者。”学习英语不但需要老师的帮忙，更重要的是自己主动学习。下面是学习啦小编给大家整理的学习英语的方法，供大家参阅!

　　学习英语的方法：背诵

　　许多同学说，英语学习是很难啃的骨头，而最难的关节是记忆单词，如何记忆英语单词?大家都会说，背。如何背?看着单词，花时间背。我发现，的确有很多同学是下定决心，不怕辛苦，背!可在许多情况下，效果不很明显，不久就忘，也不会实际运用。

　　做任何事情，都要花心血，英语学词更是如此。其实，英语学习本身是一个反复记忆、反复练习、反复使用的过程。怎样有效地记忆单词，我曾困惑过，也用了一些方法，在教学过程中，慢慢地总结出以下几点：

　　1、要音、形、义放在一起记，而不是分开的，要朗读。在背单词时，要有声，让自己听见。有人默背，效果就不如出声明显。疯狂英语有一个显著的特点就是读，要读得响，读得快，读得疯狂，这样，人就激奋，大脑皮层处于活跃的状态，更容易记忆。这种方法的确有用，不妨试试。

　　2、单词要放在句子、文章中记忆。单一的一个单词是呆板枯燥的中文解释，很难记忆。例如，right一词，它可以作名词解释为权力、右边，作形容词意思是对的，以及副词意思是恰当地、正就，还有短语on the (one`s)right在……右边，all right这个短词又有很多解，right away马上，以及复合形容词right-handed用右手的(与左撇子相反)，rightly确实地等等……

　　学习英语的方法：7天学会1外语

　　七天学会一门外语，真的可能吗?这对双胞胎兄弟的学习方法告诉你，一切皆有可能。今天，我们就来看一看他们是如何做到这件事情的，虽然很多人做不到七天学会一门外语，但却可以借鉴他们的方法提高语言学习能力。

　　1. Get To Know Why

　　1. 了解原因

　　Lesson learned: Clearly define your goal at the very beginning and then plot a route towards this goal’s achievement.

　　在最开始明确你的目标，然后规划达成目标的路线。

　　The twins set themselves the challenge of learning a language in a week in order to stretch themselves, and then it was a question of choosing which language to learn.

　　这对双胞胎最初为自己定下在一周内学习一门语言的挑战是为了超越自己，接下来就是选择哪一种语言学习。

　　2. Get Sticky

　　2. 坚持下去

　　Lesson learned: Map and label your immediate environment in the new language from the very first moment. You’ll build and reinforce associations passively while going about your daily life.

　　从最开始就了解和标注你在新语言中所处的环境，在应对日常生活时要被动建立并强化联系。

　　The first operational step in the twins’ learning process was to decorate the entire apartment with sticky notes. This had an almost ceremonial touch to it as the twins delved into dictionaries and proceeded to label everything with its corresponding Turkish name.

　　这对双胞胎学习过程中第一个可行的步骤是用便利贴装饰了整栋公寓。双胞胎深入研究了词典，并把所有东西贴上了对应的土耳其语标签，这是一次仪式性的接触。

　　3. Get A Partner

　　3. 找个同伴

　　Lesson learned: There are few better motivations than a peer with the same goal. Whether you’re motivated by competition or a sense of mutual responsibility, the mere presence of a learning partner is likely to exert just the right amount of pressure to keep you on track.

　　没有比有相同目标的同伴更好的驱动力了。不管你是被竞赛激励还是出于相互间的责任感，有学习同伴在场，能给你施加适当的压力，让你坚持在正轨上前进。

　　The importance of the other twin’s presence became immediately apparent as Matthew and Michael delegated responsibilities for rooms to decorate with sticky notes. This simple task was augmented by continuous little tests that they would spring on one another, and the fact that they split up their day slightly differently and studied different topics meant that each twin became a source of knowledge for the other; the question how do you say that again? was met surprisingly often with an answer. The most extraordinary moment came towards the end of the week when the twins simply switched their everyday conversations to Turkish, asking one another if they wanted tea or coffee, were ready to cook dinner or when they were going to leave the house the next day.

　　在马修和迈克尔分配房间装饰便利贴时，双胞胎兄弟在场的重要性立马变得重要起来。他们不时地向对方提出小测试，他们每天的计划都有些许变动，学习不同的话题，这意味着他们对彼此而言也是知识来源。一个问“这个怎么说”，另一个总是让人惊叹地随后给出答案。最让人兴奋的是一周结束的时候，双胞胎能自然地切换，用土耳其语进行日常交谈，问对方要茶还是咖啡，是否准备做晚餐，第二天什么时候出门。

　　4. Prepare Mini-Motivations

　　4. 准备些小的激励措施

　　Lesson learned: You need landmarks on your route towards your goal. These landmarks can consist of small challenges， which force you to prepare areas of vocabulary to overcome them. The gratification that will come with their completion will serve to spur you on to ever greater heights.

　　在你达成目标的路上你需要一些里程碑式的事件，这些重要的事件可以包含小的挑战，可以促使你积攒词汇努力克服。当完成的时候，成就感和满足感也会随之而来，能激励你达到更高的水平。

　　Matthew and Michael had numerous micro-challenges throughout the week. On the first day they were visited by a Turkish friend who greeted them in Turkish and complimented them on how quickly they’d picked up their first words and phrases. They then learned the names of fruits and the numbers from one to a billion so that they could visit the Turkish market in Kreuzberg (although they refrained from purchasing nine hundred thousand kumquats). Displaying their haul after their first functional exchange in Turkish, they beamed with pride and a palpable sense of accomplishment before marching back home to study further.

　　马修和迈克尔这一周内有无数的微型挑战。第一天，有一个土耳其的朋友来拜访他们，并且用土耳其语问候和称赞他们快速掌握了第一批单词和短语。接着他们学习了水果的名称和一到十亿的数字，所以他们能够去参观克罗伊茨贝格区的土耳其市场(尽管他们克制不去购买90万个金桔)。在第一次成功购买并展现了自己的学习成果后，他们笑得很自豪，带着明显的成就感。之后他们返回家里继续学习。

　　5. Eat The Language

　　5. 吃下这门语言

　　Lesson learned: Find a way to tie everything you do to learning. Surround yourself with the food, the music and the films, so that even in your downtime you can prime your mind towards the language and perhaps trigger further areas of interest and motivation.

　　寻找一种方式，把你做的所有事和学习绑定。用食物、音乐和电影包围你自己，这样即使在休息时间你也可以使思维保持在语言学习状态，或许还能激发你进一步的兴趣和学习动力。

　　They sample dozens of different kinds of Turkish snacks. Like kids staring at the backs of cereal packs before heading to school, the nutritional information and various special offers and competitions on the packaging were analysed during snack breaks. There was no moment of complete removal from the language learning process during the eight hours that the twins had allotted to it. The intensity ebbed and flowed, but it never dissipated entirely.

　　他们选取了很多种不同的土耳其零食，就像孩子们去学校前会盯着谷物包装袋的背面看一样，他们在茶歇时会分析包装上的营养信息和各种不同的价格优惠和价格竞争。在双胞胎分配给语言学习的八小时内，没有一个完全从学习过程中脱离出来的状态。强度可能减弱和产生波动，但是从没有完全消失过。

　　6. Use What You Already Know

　　6. 使用你已知的知识

　　Lesson learned: The greater the depth of processing, the more likely the information will be remembered. Find pleasure in drawing parallels and making comparisons between the language(s) you already know and your new language.

　　学习深度越大，记住信息的可能性越大，在已知的语言和新学习的语言中找出相似之处并进行比较，从中获得乐趣。

　　7. Variation is the spice of life

　　7. 变化是生活的调味品

　　Lesson learned: So you have your route plotted and an idea of your favored methods, but do remember to try new things; your new language has just as many sources as your native language.

　　你已经绘制出自己的路线，并且对你喜欢的方式有想法，但是一定要记住尝试新的内容。你学习的新语言和你的母语一样有许多的来源。

　　The twins spent a lot of time engrossed in books or on their computers and apps, flicking and swiping their way through exercises eagerly, but at other times they were to be found searching busily for Turkish radio stations and write-ups of Turkish football games on the web. There is no definitive method to learn a language, nor any tool or teacher that will single-handedly deliver you to the holy grail of fluency. Language is written, spoken, read and heard. Each of these areas is considered a core skill within which there are myriad potential inputs; would you restrict yourself to one in your native language? All too often, people enter their weekly language class to converse with their teacher, but then barely have any contact with other native speakers or the media being broadcast in their target language. Try something new every day. Listen to a cheesy song, read a newspaper article from a newspaper whose politics differ from your own, write a story for kids, attempt some improvised theatre and talk to yourself while cooking. Spice it up and add some flavour to your language learning!

　　这对双胞胎花许多时间专注于书本、电脑和应用程序上，迫切地想通过练习来转换方式。但是往常他们总是忙于在网络上搜寻土耳其之声和土耳其球赛的评述。学语言没有最佳方法，没有什么工具或老师能独立地使你可以熟练自如地使用语言。语言要被书写，被讲述，被阅读和被聆听。每个领域都有一个核心能力，而这个核心能力又有无数潜在的输入途径。你在母语中会将自己限制在一种方式里吗?人们常常在每周上语言课时和他们的老师进行交谈，但之后却很少和其他母语使用者或者用目标语播报的媒体新闻有交流。每天尝试一些新的事物。听一首俗气的歌，读一篇政治和本国不同的报纸文章，在做饭的时候尝试一些即将表演的戏剧和谈话。调剂你的语言学习，让它变得更有趣!

　　学习英语的方法：写作5策略

　　Whether you're sitting down to write a research paper for English class about Buddha or you're hours deep in the writing portion of SAT, you want to write a great essay. And although different people have different notions about what makes an essay truly "great," there are a number of things that educators and writers generally agree upon as gold-quality standards. Here are three of those qualities that can take your essay from basic to fabulous.

　　不管你是坐下来准备写一篇英语课上有关佛陀的研究报告，还是深思怎样完成入学考试的作文部分，你都会想要写得一手好文章。虽然不同的人对于优秀的文章有不同的观念，但是也有许多教育家和作家公认的黄金标准。这里有三个品质，是你的作文从普通向出色进步时需要具备的。

　　1. Language

　　1. 语言文字

　　The usage of language in an essay is more than j4ust the actual words you use throughout. Things like sentence structure, stylistic choices, levels of formality, grammar, usage, and mechanics all come into play.

　　在一篇文章中，语言文字的使用不仅仅是你在全篇所使用的词语，句子结构、文体选择、不同的形式、语法、用法、文字处理等都可以发挥作用。

　　Good Language

　　好的文字

　　Good language in an essay is merely adequate. It's basic. There's nothing inherently wrong with your language, but there's nothing exceptional about it, either.

　　文章中好的语言文字只能说是差强人意，它应该作为基本的要求。可能你的语言没有什么内在的问题，但也可能没有什么新意了。

　　Good essay language means you're using some variety in your sentence structures. For instance, you may write a few simple sentences interspersed with some compound sentences. Your level of formality and tone are also appropriate to the essay. You're not using familiar language and slang, for example, when you're writing a research report in class. Good language in an essay does not disrupt your thesis. Your point gets across and that's all well and fine if you're happy with a good essay.

　　好的文章语言意味着你使用了不同种类的句子结构。例如，你可能会将一些简单句和复合句结合起来使用。你的文章形式和语气也要适合整篇文章，而不是一味使用自己熟悉的语言和俚语。比如说，当你在班里写一篇研究报告时，好的语言不会干扰到你的论点。如果你对一篇好文章满意，那么这篇文章肯定能够把你的论点讲清楚。

　　Example: When Jack walked into his grandmother's kitchen, he spotted the freshly baked cake on the counter. He helped himself to a huge piece. It was chocolate, and the frosting was a delicious vanilla buttercream. He licked his lips and took a gigantic bite.

　　例子：当杰克走进奶奶的厨房时，他发现了柜台上刚烘焙好的蛋糕，就给自己弄了一大块。蛋糕是巧克力的，上面的奶霜还是香草奶油的。他舔舔嘴唇，咬了好大一口。

　　Great Language

　　优秀的语言文字

　　Great language is fresh, full of sensory detail when appropriate and propels your essay forward in invigorating ways. Great language uses a variety of sentence structures and even some intentional fragments when appropriate. Your tone isn't merely adequate; it enhances your argument or point.

　　优秀的语言文字就是在你将文章内容向前推进时，使用充满活力和感官细节的语言。优秀的语言使用多种句子结构，甚至在合适的时候故意分段。语气的使用不应该仅仅差强人意，它可以作为你的论点或论据。

　　Your language is precise. It's chosen specifically to add nuance or shades of meaning. The sensory details you select pull your readers in, giving them goosebumps, and make them want to keep on reading. Great language makes readers take what you've said very seriously.

　　语言文字要精确。要用心地选择语言文字来增加一些细微差别或语义色彩，你选择的感官细节要能使读者身临其境，让他们起鸡皮疙瘩，有读下去的欲望。优秀的语言文字能使读者认真对待你表达的内容。

　　Example: Jack stepped over the threshold of his grandmother's kitchen and inhaled. Chocolate cake. His stomach rumbled. He walked to the counter, mouth watering, and took a rose-pattered china plate from the cabinet and a bread knife from the drawer. The slice he sawed off was enough for three. The first bite of rich vanilla buttercream made his jaw ache. Before he knew it, nothing was left but chocolate crumbs scattered on the plate like confetti.

　　例子： 杰克一踏进奶奶厨房的门槛就被吸引住了，那是一块巧克力蛋糕。他的肚子也叫了起来，走进柜台，杰克的口水都流了出来，他从橱柜里拿出一个玫瑰图案的瓷盘，又从抽屉里拿出一把切蛋糕用的刀。他切了三人量的一大块，第一口就咬到了满满的香草奶油，使他食欲大开。在他缓过神来之前，盘子里就只剩下巧克力碎末。

　　2. Analysis

　　2. 分析

　　Teachers are always asking you to "dig deep" in your essay, but what does that really mean? Depth is the level at which you analyze the topic you are writing. The deeper you dive into your essay, the more poking and prodding at values, tensions, complexities, and assumptions you will do.

　　老师们总是让你“深入发掘”自己的文章，但这到底是什么意思呢?深度就是你分析文章主题的层次。你对自己文章发掘得越深，你就会发现更多价值观、冲突、复杂性和设想。

　　Good Analysis

　　好的分析

　　The word "analysis" in and of itself implies a certain level of depth. A good analysis will use reasoning and examples that are clear and adequately demonstrate the importance of the topic. Support may be relevant, but it may come across as overly general or simplistic. You will have scratched the surface of the topic, but you will not have explored as many of the complexities as you could have.

　　“分析”一词本身就暗含有一定的深度。好的分析会使用清晰并能论证主题的推理和例子。支持也许是相关的，但也可能会显得过于宽泛或简单化。你可能已经触及到了主题，但你不能像那些复杂的例子一样进行深入探索。

　　Let's take, for example, this question: "Should cyberbullying be stopped by the government?"

　　我们以这个问题为例子：“政府应该杜绝网络暴力吗?”

　　Example: Cyberbullying needs to be stopped in its tracksby the government because of the harm that it causes to the victim. Teenagers who have been bullied online have had to be treated for depression, have felt compelled to change schools, and some have even committed suicide. A person's life is too important not to intervene.

　　例子：政府需要阻止网络暴力的发展，因为它会有导致自杀的危害。遭受网络暴力的会在情绪上感到低落，被迫转学，有些人甚至会自杀。人的生命何其珍贵，故政府应干涉。

　　Great Analysis

　　优秀的分析

　　A great analysis of a topic is a thoughtful critique that demonstrates insight. It critiques assumptions and details not hinted at in just a good analysis. In the example above, the good analysis mentions the harm to a victim of bullying and names three things that could happen to him or her because of it, but doesn't get into other areas that might offer more insight like societal values, governmental control, effects rippling from one generation to the next, for example.

　　优秀的分析是对深入剖析思考后的批评。它对那些没有进行好好分析的设想和细节进行了批评。在上面的例子中，好的分析提到了暴力会导致自杀的危害，并且举出了三件由可能会发生在别人身上的事，但却并没有涉及一些会引发思考的领域，例如社会价值观、政府调控、对下一代人的影响。

　　Example: Although cyberbullying needs to be stopped - the effects are to dire not to intervene - the government cannot be the entity to regulate speech online. The fiscal and personal costs would be staggering. Not only would citizens be forced to give up their First Amendment rights to free speech, they would have to relinquish their rights to privacy, as well. The government would be everywhere, becoming even more of a "big brother" than they are right now. Who would pay for such scrutiny? Citizens would pay with their freedom and their wallets.

　　例子：虽然网络暴力需要被杜绝，它的后果太可怕，需要进行干涉。但政府不能从本质上控制网络发言，那样财政和个人的开销都会十分巨大。不仅公民们的放弃第一修正案所赋予的自由发言权，他们还得放弃隐私权。政府就会变成一个无所不在的“老大哥”。谁会为这些监控买单呢?公民会牺牲掉他们的自由和钱包。

　　3. Organization

　　3. 组织

　　Organization can quite literally make or break your essay. If a reader doesn't understand how you've gotten from point A to point B because none of your dots seem to connect, then he or she won't be compelled to read any further. And more importantly, he or she will not have listened to what you have had to say. And that's the biggest problem there is.

　　组织可以在字面上对你的文章进行创作或破坏。如果读者因为没有句点而无法理解你是怎样从A观点切换到B观点，就不会深入阅读下去。更重要的是，读者不会听你讲的内容。这就是最大的问题。

　　Good Organization

　　好的结构

　　A standard five-paragraph essay structure is what most students use when they write essays. They start with an introductory paragraphending with a thesis sentence. They move on to body paragraph one with a topic sentence, and then proceed, with a few scattered transitions, to body paragraphs two and three. They round out their essay with a conclusion that neatly restates the thesis and ends with a question or a challenge. Sound about right? If this sounds like every essay you've ever written, then you can be sure you're not alone. It's a perfectly adequate structure for a basic essay.

　　标准的五个段落构成的文章结构是学生们在写作文时用得最多的。他们以介绍段开头，以主题句结尾。他们以主题句过渡到第一个主体段落，然后用一些过渡语继续下文，展开第二个和第三个主体段落。他们采用问题式或挑战式的结尾，并重申了论点。是这样的吧?如果你也是这样写文章，你就可以确定自己也属于这一类了。对于基本的文章来说，这是一种非常合适的结构。

　　Example:

　　例子：

　　1. Introduction with thesis

　　1.带有论点的介绍

　　2. Body paragraph one

　　2.主体段落一

　　•Support one

　　佐证一

　　•Support two

　　佐证二

　　•Support three

　　佐证三

　　3. Body paragraph two

　　3. 主体段落二

　　•Support one

　　佐证一

　　•Support two

　　佐证二

　　•Support three

　　佐证三

　　4. Body paragraph three

　　4.主体段落三

　　•Support one

　　佐证一

　　•Support two

　　佐证二

　　•Support three

　　佐证三

　　5. Conclusion with restated thesis

　　5. 以重申论点结尾

　　Great Organization

　　优秀的结构

　　Great organization tends to move beyond just simple supports and basic transitions. Ideas will progress logically and increase the arguments success. Transitions within and between paragraphs will strengthen the argument and heighten meaning. If you start out organizing your essay strategically, with room for analysis and counterarguments built in, your chances of building a great essay improve by quite a bit. And some students find it easier to get more in depth by writing a four-paragraph essay instead of five. You can engaged more with a particular topic in the body paragraphs if you knock out your weakest argument and focus instead on providing a deeper, more thoughtful analysis with just two.

　　优秀的结构常常跳出了简单的佐证和基本的过渡。观点会按照逻辑推进，并逐步完成论证。段落内部或之间的过渡可以加强论证，使意义表达更明显。如果你开始组织自己的文章，就要留出空间进行分析和辩论，这样你写出一篇好文章的可能性就会大大增加。一些学生发现，比起五段文章，四段文章能够更加简单地进行深入发掘。如果你去掉了最薄弱的论证，将尽力集中在用两个段落进行更深入的分析，就可以在主体段落更多地对特定的主题进行探讨。

　　Example:

　　例子：

　　1. Introduction with thesis

　　1.包含论点的介绍

　　2. Body paragraph one

　　主体段一

　　Support one with detailed analysis

　　含详细分析的佐证一

　　Support two that addresses values, complexities and assumptions

　　对价值观、复杂事物和设想进行讨论的佐证二

　　Counterpoint and dismissal of the counterpoint

　　对应物的使用

　　3.Body paragraph two

　　3.主体段二

　　•Support one with detailed analysis

　　含详细分析的佐证一

　　•Support two that addresses values, complexities and assumptions

　　对价值观、复杂事物和设想进行讨论的佐证二

　　•Counterpoint and dismissal of the counterpoint

　　对应物的使用

　　4. Conclusion with restated thesis and option for better idea

　　4. 重申论点、完善观点的结尾

　　Writing Great Essays

　　优秀的文章

　　If your goal is to move forward out of mediocrity, then spend some time learning the basics of great essay writing. After that, pick up your pencil or paper and practice. Nothing will prepare you better for your next essay then writing strategically-organized, well-analyzed, and carefully-worded paragraphs when the pressure isn't on.

　　如果你的目的是写出不一般的好文章，就要花时间学习优秀文章写作的基本要素。之后，就要拿起笔或纸开始写作。你不能确保下一篇文章就一定能写得更好，所以就要在没有压力的时候有条理地写作，认真分析并斟酌每个词。

　　以上是学习啦小编整理所得，欢迎大家阅读和收藏。