蜘蛛的英文怎么读_翻译是什么(2)
蜘蛛的英文怎么读_翻译是什么
关于蜘蛛的英文阅读：致命蜘蛛毒液可减轻中风带来的影响
A protein in spider venom may help protect the brain from injury after a stroke, according to research.
研究表明，蜘蛛毒液中的一种蛋白质或许能够保护大脑免受中风带来损伤。
Scientists found a single dose of the protein Hi1a worked on lab rats. They said it showed "great promise as a future stroke treatment" but had not yet been tested in human trials.
科学家们发现一剂量的Hi1a蛋白质在小白鼠身上起了作用。他们表示，这种蛋白质“作为未来的中风治疗手段大有前途”，不过尚未进行人体试验。
The Stroke Association said the research was at its early stages but it would "welcome any treatment that has the potential to reduce the damage caused by stroke".
中风协会表示，该研究尚处于早期阶段，不过该协会“乐于接受任何可能降低中风损伤的治疗手段”。
The researchers, from the University of Queensland and Monash University, travelled to Fraser Island in Australia to hunt for and capture three potentially deadly Australian funnel web spiders.
来自昆士兰大学和莫纳什大学的研究者们奔赴澳大利亚的费沙岛，寻找并捕获了三种可能符合条件的、可致死的澳大利亚漏斗网蜘蛛。
They then took the spiders back to their laboratory "for milking". This involved coaxing the spider to release its venom, which can then be sucked up using pipettes.
之后他们将这些蜘蛛带回自己的实验室进行“挤乳”操作。这项操作包括诱骗蜘蛛释放毒液，接着用吸管吸取这些毒液。
The scientists honed in on a protein in the venom and recreated a version of it in their lab. They then injected this Hi1a into the lab rats.
科学家们仔细研究了毒液中的一种蛋白质，并在实验室中人工制造了这种蛋白。然后他们将这种名为Hi1a的蛋白质注射进小白鼠体内。
They found that the protein blocked acid-sensing ion channels in the brain - something the researchers say are key drivers of brain damage after stroke.
他们发现，这种蛋白质阻断了脑部的酸敏感离子通道--研究者们称这种通道是导致中风后脑损伤的关键因素。
Prof Glenn King, who led the research, said the protein showed "great promise as a future stroke treatment".
领导这项研究的格伦·金教授表示，这种蛋白质“作为未来的中风治疗手段大有前途”。
"We believe that we have, for the first time, found a way to minimise the effects of brain damage after a stroke. Hi1a even provides some protection to the core brain region most affected by oxygen deprivation, which is generally considered unrecoverable due to the rapid cell death caused by stroke."
“我们相信我们已经率先找到了一种减小中风后脑损伤影响的办法。Hi1a甚至为脑部核心区域由缺氧带来的绝大部分影响提供了保护措施，由于中风会导致细胞的迅速死亡，通常认为这一损害是无法恢复的。”
The research was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
这项研究发表在了美国科学院论文集上。
关于蜘蛛的英文阅读：聪明的蜘蛛
You may have seen men setting nets in the sea, or in a river, to catch fish. Let me tell you about the little animals that are always setting nets in your house and in your garden in much the same way. These animals are called spiders, and they use their nets or webs to catch flies and other insects.
你可能看到过有人在海面或河面上撒网捕鱼。现在, 我来跟你说一说, 有一种动物经常在你的家里、花园里结网捕食。这种动物叫做蜘蛛, 它们利用自己的网来捕食苍蝇与其他昆虫。
The spider itself is not an insect. An insect has only six legs, while the spider has eight. The insect's body is plainly divided into three parts; but the spider has its body in two parts only, the head and the chest being united into one part, while the belly forms the other. Insects have four wings;spiders have no wings. Spiders, again, have no feelers in front of their heads, as insects have.
蜘蛛并不属于昆虫, 因为昆虫只有六条腿, 但蜘蛛有八条;昆虫的身体很明显地分为三个部分, 但是蜘蛛则只有两个部分：它们的头部与胸部连接在一起, 腹部则构成另外一部分。昆虫长有四只翅膀;而蜘蛛没有翅膀。蜘蛛的头部也没有昆虫那样的触角。
An insect lays an egg, which changes first into a grub or cater-pillar, then into a pupa or chrysalis, and lastly into an insect. The spider also lays eggs, but each egg produces a perfect little baby spider. The perfect insect never grows bigger;but the little spiders grow so fast for a time that they have to throw off their leathery skins, and grow larger ones every few weeks.
昆虫产卵, 然后孵化为幼虫或毛虫, 再变成蛹并最终生长为昆虫。蜘蛛同样产卵, 但是每一颗卵都能够孵化出结构完整的小蜘蛛。昆虫成虫身体不会生长变大, 但是小蜘蛛的生长速度却快, 经过一段时间之后就要蜕皮, 每过几周时间身体就会长大一些。
The web of the spider is made of silk. This silk is formed inside the spider's body as a gummy fluid. It is squeezed out of several holes at the end of the spider's body, and the moment it comes out into the air it hardens and forms a delicate thread. The spider twists several of these fine threads together to form one strong line.
蜘蛛网由细丝构成, 这些细丝来自其体内的粘稠液体。蜘蛛通过身体末端的几个小孔将这些液体排出, 它们一遇到空气就会立刻凝固并形成细线。蜘蛛将这些细线缠绕在一起, 形成一条结实的绳索。
Try to find a spider's web on a bush or on the grass in your garden, and look very closely at it. The spider makes the outside lines of the web first. Then it forms the lines which extend like the spokes of a wheel from the centre of the net to the edges. All these lines of the web are made of smooth elastic threads of silk.
走到花园中, 试试看能不能在树丛或草地上找到一张蜘蛛网, 然后仔细观察。蜘蛛首先编织的就是外围的蛛丝, 然后从中间往边缘的方向搭建轮辐般的蛛丝。这些蛛网全部由极富弹性的柔顺丝线组成。
Lastly, it starts from the centre of the web and fastens a slender line across the others, going round and round in a spiral. This spiral or cross thread is covered by the spider with thousands of tiny drops of a very sticky substance. Then the spider goes to one corner of the net and waits.
最后, 蜘蛛从蛛网中心绕上一圈又一圈的细丝, 它们构成彼此交叉的横丝。蜘蛛又在这些螺旋或交叉横丝上涂抹了数以千计的非常粘稠的物质。然后, 它便躲在一个角落里, 耐心等待。
Soon an insect—perhaps a common fly—rushes in its flight against the web, and is caught by the drops of sticky stuff. Out comes the spider, runs to the fly, and rolls a band of its gummy silk around it. Then the spider gives the fly a bite, to kill it, or carries it away to one corner of the web till it is wanted for food.
很快, 有只昆虫——可能就是一只普通点的苍蝇——在飞行中撞上了这张蛛网, 然后便被粘稠物质抓个正着。这时, 蜘蛛就会爬出来, 扑向苍蝇, 用粘稠的细丝将其团团围住。然后, 蜘蛛就会在苍蝇身上咬上一口, 把它杀死或者把它搬运到蛛网的某个角落, 等到想吃的时候再慢慢品尝。
The spider's jaws are grooved, and in its head are some tiny poison-bags. When the spider bites, some of the poison runs down the grooves, and so enters the body of the insect which is bitten. After this the insect is unable to move or to fly away.
蜘蛛的牙齿长有沟槽, 头部则生有几个很小的毒囊。当蜘蛛咬下猎物时, 一部分毒液顺着凹槽流入猎物。这时候, 被咬的昆虫动不了也飞不走了。
There are many spiders which in habits and appearance are quite different from the garden spider. Some of them have their nests in little holes in the ground, and make little trap-doors to close them. Others live under water, and carry down little bubbles of air to breathe in their homes.
蜘蛛的种类很多, 它们的习性、外貌与我们在花园中见到的蜘蛛相差很大。有些蜘蛛在地下的洞中栖身, 在洞口造出一个既能遮挡地洞又能捕获猎物的活门。还有些蜘蛛生活在水中, 它们能够将小气泡带入水中, 用于在自己的巢穴中呼吸。
关于蜘蛛的英文阅读：蜘蛛每年吃掉4到8亿吨昆虫
By now, you may have heard about a study that came out a couple of weeks ago about spiders. The study got a lot of attention because coverage of the research often focused on the idea that spiders could eat every single person on the planet in a year and still find room for a lot of cows and elephants and such. In other words, spiders need a lot of meat. Fortunately, the food of choice for the overwhelming majority of spiders is other arthropods, mostly insects and another type of tiny critter called springtails.
Anyway, the study—which never mentions spiders eating all the world's people—was done by Martin Nyffeler at the University of Basil in Switzerland and Klaus Birkhofer of Lund University and Germany's Brandenburg University of Technology.
Places with plenty of spiders. Because most places are places with plenty of spiders. The write-up the April issue of the journal The Science of Nature concluded that the world's spider population weighs some 25 million tons. Now, your average spider only weighs an itty-bit, so if you do the calculation you get a total worldwide population of some eleventy gazillion spiders. More or less. But the 25 million tons of spiders is a real number, derived from other published studies, dating as far back as 1951.
The researchers then estimated how much weight in food that much weight of spiders would need. And they also went through many other studies that had estimated how much spiders ate in particular habitats, ranging from tropical forests to farms. Once they crunched all those arthropods, the intrepid spider speculators reached their verdict: spiders snatch between 400 million and 800 million tons of meat annually.
So if you see a spider—and there's almost certainly a bunch in your home right now—you could stomp it. Or you could gently put it outside. Or you could wish it bon appétit! And leave it to dine on the other stuff you probably want in your home even less.
你可能听说了几周前发表的一项有关蜘蛛的研究。这项研究得到了广泛关注，因为该研究主要关注这个想法：蜘蛛能在一年内吃掉地球上的所有人，同时还有胃口吃下大量牛和大象之类的动物。换句话说，蜘蛛需要吃很多肉。幸运的是，绝大多数蜘蛛所选择的食物是其他节肢动物——大部分是昆虫以及另外一种叫做“弹尾虫”的小动物。
无论如何，这项研究从未提及蜘蛛会吃掉世界上所有的人，该研究由瑞士巴塞尔大学的马丁·尼弗勒和供职于隆德大学和德国勃兰登堡科技大学的克劳斯·博科弗共同完成。
世界上有很多蜘蛛。因为大多数地方都有很多蜘蛛。《自然科学》杂志4月刊的评论文章推断：世界上所有蜘蛛的总重量约为2500万吨。蜘蛛的平均重量非常小，所以如果要计算蜘蛛的总重量，就要收集世界上无数只蜘蛛。差不多可以这样说。不过，蜘蛛总重为2500万吨这个数字是真实的，它来源于1951年发表的一项其他研究。
随后，研究人员对如此重的蜘蛛需要的食物量进行了估算。他们还查阅了其他多项研究，这些研究对特定栖息地的蜘蛛所需要的食物量进行了估算，栖息地的范围从热带雨林到农场。一计算出蜘蛛吃掉的节肢动物的数量，无畏的蜘蛛投机者就下了定论：蜘蛛每年要捕食4亿到8亿吨肉。
所以，如果你看见了一只蜘蛛，基本上可以肯定现在你家里就有一群蜘蛛，你可以踩它。或者轻轻地把它放到外面去。你也可以祝他好胃口!让它在你家里享用你不想要的其他东西。
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