过去式had是什么意思

　　很多人都知道had是have的过去式，那么你知道过去式had的意思是什么吗?下面是学习啦小编为你整理的过去式had的意思，希望对你有所帮助!

　　过去式had的意思

　　had

　　有( have的过去式和过去分词 ); (亲属关系中) 接受; 拿; 买到;

　　Had he succeeded, he would have acquired a monopoly

　　要是他当时成功了，他就会取得垄断地位。

　　If your customer thinks he's been had, you have to make him happy.

　　要是顾客感觉自己当了冤大头，你就得设法让他消气。

　　Unless she loses some weight, she's had it

　　除非她减点儿肥，否则她就没戏了。

　　I've had it. Let's call it a day

　　我受不了了。今天就到这儿吧。

　　Had I known what the problem was, we could have addressed it.

　　如果我当时知道问题出在哪里，我们就可以设法解决了。

　　He wants actors who can speak Welsh. Obviously I've had it.

　　他要的是会说威尔士语的演员。明摆着，我是没指望了。

　　had+过去式 have/has+过去分词的区别

　　had加过去分词,是过去完成时,指在过去看来已经完成的动作,have、has加过去分词是现在完成时,指从现在看来已经完成的动作

　　主语+have(has)+过去分词(done)

　　1.现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.

　　I have lost my wallet.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)

　　Jane has laid the table.(含义是:已可以吃饭了.)

　　Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱)

　　He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地)

　　2. 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的情况,常与for,since连用.

　　Mary has been ill for three days.

　　I have lived here since 1998.

　　3. 现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already, yet, just, before, recently,still, lately等:

　　He has already obtained a scholarship.

　　I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).

　　We have seen that film before.

　　Have they found the missing child yet

　　had+过去式的时态用法

　　过去完成时(past perfect)表示在发生在过去的两个动作在前的那一个,它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”.

　　基本结构

　　主语+had+过去分词vpp.(done)

　　①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词.

　　②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词.

　　③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词?肯定回答：Yes,主语+had.否定回答：No,主语+had not .

　　④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(Had+主语+过去分词)?

　　⑤被动语态：主语+had(hadn't)+been+过去分词

　　基本用法

　　(1)表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作,也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作.即“过去的过去”.可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示,也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示,还可能通过上下文来表示.例如：By nine o’clock last night,we had gotten 200 pictures from the spaceship.到昨晚9点钟,我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片.

　　(2)表示由过去的某一时刻开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态,常和for,since构成的时间状语连用.例如：I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.当车来的时候,我在车站已等了20分钟.He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作.

　　(3)叙述过去发生的事情,在已叙述了过去发生的事情后,反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时,常使用过去完成时.例如：Mr.Smith died yesterday.He had been a good friend of mine.史密斯先生昨天去世了.他以前是我的好友.I didn’t know a thing about the verbs,for I had not studied my lesson.我对动词一无所知,因为我没有好好学习功课.

　　(4)在含有定语从句的主从复合句中,如果叙述的是过去的事,先发生的动作常用过去完成时.例如：I returned the book that I had borrowed.我已归还了我借的书.She found the key that she had lost.她丢失的钥匙找到了.

　　(5)过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中,这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前.例如：He said that he had known her well.他说他很熟悉她.I thought I had sent the letter a week before.我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了.

　　(6) 状语从句：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在前,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时.如when,before,after,as soon as,till/until引导的 例如：When I woke up,it had already stopped raining.我醒来时雨已停了.She didn’t go to bed until she had finished her work.她直到把工作做完之后才睡觉.注意：如果两个动作紧接着发生,则常常不用过去完成时,特别是在包含before和after的复合句中,因为 这 时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确,这时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时.例如：After he arrived in England,Marx worked hard to improve his English.马克思到达英格兰之后,努力提高他的英语水平.

　　(7)动词think,want,hope,mean,plan,intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法,希望,打算或意图等.例如：They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.他们本来打算去帮忙,但没有及时赶到那里.We had hoped to be able to come and see you .我们本来希望能来看看你.

　　(8)过去完成时还可用在hardly…when…,no sooner…than…,It was the first (second,etc) time (that)…等固定句型中.例如：Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.他刚开始演讲,听众就打断了他.No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.他刚到就又走了.It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.这是他那一年第三次失业了.

　　时间状语 before,when,after,by+,until,once,had no sooner……than,yet,already等.