用英语说中国的秦朝
在日常的书籍阅读中融入英语，可以有效的提高自己的英语水平。小编在此献上用英语来了解中国的历史文化，希望大家喜欢。
用英语说中国秦朝：Qin Great Wall 秦长城
After Qin Emperor Shihuang unified China, he sent forces led by general Meng Tian to suppress the Huns, and gained much land.
秦始皇统一中国后，他派将军蒙恬为首的部队去镇压匈奴，并获得辽阔的土地。
In order to guard against the attacks from the Huns, Meng Tian led soldiers to build the world-renowned Great Wall.
为防范来自匈奴的攻击，蒙恬率领战士建造了举世闻名的万里长城。
In the Warring States Period (475----221B.C.), many states built the Great Wall as fortification.
在战国时期 (公元前475-221年)，许多国家建造了长城作为防御工事。
The states of Qin, Zhao and Yan all once built some sections to resist the Huns invasions.
秦、赵、燕都曾建造部分长城以抵御匈奴入侵。
It was not until the Qin Dynasty (221----206B.C.) that Meng Tian connected the separate walls to form a defensive system on the northern border.
直到秦朝(公元前221----206年)蒙恬才将分散的墙壁连接起来，在北部边境形成了一个防御性的系统。
It took about nine years to finish and the wall stretched from Lintao (in the eastern part of today’s Gansu Prov-ince) in the west to Liaodong (in today’s Jilin Province) in the east.
这个庞大的工程耗费了九年的时间才得以完成，长城从临洮(今甘肃省东部) 西部一直延伸到辽东(今吉林省)东部。
The 5 000-kilometer-long wall not only served as a defense in the north but also symbolized the power of the emperor.
绵延5000公里的长城不仅仅是北方的防御工事，更代表着帝国的权力。
Further construction and extensions were made in the successive Han (206B.C.----220A.D.), Northern Wei (386----534), Northern Qi (550----577) and Sui (581----618) dynasties.
其后的汉朝(公元前206年----公元220年)，北魏(386----534)北齐(550----577)以及隋朝(581----618)都对长城进行了进一步的修缮和扩建。
And in terms of both length and quality, the later constructions were better than that made in Qin.
无论从长度还是质量上来看，这些后世的工程都比秦朝的要精良得多。
The present Great Wall in Beijing is mainly remains from the Ming Dynasty (1368----1644).
现今在北京保存下来的长城主要是明长城。
During this period, bricks and granite were used when the workers laid the foundation of the wall and sophisticated designs and passes were built in the places of strategic importance.
明朝时，石砖和花岗岩被用于建造长城的地基部分，而精密复杂的设计和关口则被建造在有重要战略意义的位置。
To strengthen the military control of the northern frontiers, the Ming authorities divided the Great Wall into nine zones and placed each under the control of a Zhen (garrison headquarters).
为加强对北方边境的军事控制，明朝廷将长城分为九个区，将其安排在每个镇 (驻军总部)的控制下。
The Ming Wall starts from Yalujiang River (in today’s Heilongjiang Province), via today’s Liaoning, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, to Guansu.
明长城东起鸭绿江(今黑龙江省境内)，经过辽宁、 河北、 内蒙古、山西、陕西、宁夏，绵延12700里(超过5000公里)，西止甘肃。
The total length reaches 12700 li (over 5 000 kilometers).
山海关和嘉峪关市迄今保存相对完好的两个关口，它们坐落在长城的两端。
The Shanhaiguan Pass and the Jiayuguarv Pass are two well-preserved passes at either end.
长城的高度在5到10米之间，每隔130米就有一个瞭望塔。
Its height varied from 5 to 10 meters and watch houses were built every 130 meters.
如果有敌人入侵，干草掺杂狼粪，这在白天这可以充当送信兵——其燃烧后烟会高高地升起，哨兵因此得到了远方的警告。
If enemies came to invade, hays blended with wolf shit was bum in the daytime, the smoke of which would rise very high so that sentinels could get the warn.
到了晚上，木柴硫一起燃烧会发出明亮的火焰，甚至几公里外的哨兵都可以注意到。
At night, firewood combined with sulphur would make so bright a fire that sentinels miles away could get noticed.
我们在今天还可以看到秦长城的遗迹。
We can see frie remains of the Qin Wall today.
距今山西大同5英里外的西北方有一座紫色的长城，名曰紫关。
Five miles to the north-west of Datong in Shanxi Province there is a purple wall whose name is Purple Pass.
甘肃省岷县往西十公里处我们也可以找到的秦长城遗迹。
And ten kilometers west to the Minxian city in Gansu Province we can also find remains of the Qin Wall.
而我们今天看到的著名的八达岭长城始建于明朝。
The famous Badaling Great Wall we see today was built in the Ming Dynasty.
用英语说中国秦朝：Chen Sheng- Wu Guang Uprising 陈胜吴广起义
Chen Sheng-Wu Guang Uprising was the first large-scale peasant uprising in Chinese history, which led to the downfall of the Qin Dynasty (221----206B.C.).
陈胜吴广起义是中国历史上第一次大规模的农民起义，起义最终推翻了秦朝(公元前206年----公元前221年)的统治。
In 210B.C, Qin Emperor Shihuang died on his inspection travel.
在公元前 210 年，秦始皇死在视察旅行中。
The eunuch Zhao Gao wrote a faked letter to Fusu in the name of the deceased emperor, ordering Fusu to commit suicide, and his younger brother Huhai, the deceased emperor's favorite, was installed as Second Emperor.
太监赵高以死去的秦始皇的名义伪造诏书，命令秦始皇钟爱的大儿子扶苏自杀，另立始皇幼子胡亥为帝，即秦二世。
He was a cool-hearted and cruel ruler.
他是一个冷血残忍的统治者。
In order to keep secret of Qin Emperor Shihuang's mausoleum, he plugged up the exit and killed all the workers in it.
为了保护皇帝秦始皇的陵墓的秘密，他堵住了出口，杀了所有的工人。
In his first year, rebellions of the old nobility and peasantry broke out.
其当政第一年，旧贵族和农民的起义爆发了。
In 209B.C, Hu Hai, the Second Emperor, ordered 900 people in the Huaihe River region to Yuyang (today’s Miyun in Beijing) to keep guard.
公元前209年，秦二世胡亥，命令900余人到榆阳(今北京密云)的淮河地区戍边。
It was July when it rained a lot.
时值七月，时常下雨。
When people arrived in Dazexiang (southwest in today’s Suxian County in Anhui Province), it began to rain cats and dogs; and they were bound to be late.
当人们抵达大泽乡时(在今天的安徽省宿县县西南)，天降大雨，他们注定要迟到了。
According to the laws at that time, those who failed to observe deadlines would be sentenced to death.
根据当时的法律，那些未能遵守截止日期到达的人会被判处死刑。
People had no other choice but to rise up in revolt.
人们没有其他选择，只能站起来反抗。
Chen Sheng and Wu Guang were both from Henan Province.
陈胜、吴广都来自河南省。
They led the peasants to attack and occupy finally the Chen County (today’s Hengyang in Henan Province), and they established their own regime of Zhangchu.
他们带领农民，最终攻占了陈县(今衡阳河南省)，随后建立了张楚政权。
Then their army sent westward by Chen Sheng to fight against Qin army was defeated by Zhang Han.
随后陈胜指挥军队西进，与秦军作战的军队被打败张韩。
Later, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang were murdered by their subordination.
后来，陈胜、吴广被部下谋杀，剩余的军队被刘邦和项羽收编。
And the rest of the army was surrendered to Liu Bang and Xiang Yu.
公元前 206 年，秦王朝迎来了其臭名昭著的瓦解，这个曾经辉煌的王朝最终倒在了由自己暴虐的荒淫无度的行为所导致的民怨载道上。
In 206B.C, the Qin Dynasty came to an infamous end and the glorious dynasty fell victim to the fear and mistrust bred by its own despotic excesses.
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