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despair的用法总结大全

时间: 楚薇0 分享

despair是绝望的意思,可作为名词或动词使用,下面小编为大家总结出它的使用方法,希望对你们有所帮助。

释义

despair英 [d??spe?(r)] 美 [d??sper]

n. 绝望;令人绝望的人或事

vi. 绝望,丧失信心

[ 复数 despairs 过去式 despaired 过去分词 despaired 现在分词 despairing 第三人称单数 despairs ]

词组短语

in despair 绝望地,失望地

despair of 失望,丧失信心;对…绝望

词语辨析

disappointment, despair, desperation, depression这组词都有“绝望、沮丧”的意思,其区别是:

disappointment 多指愿望或期望的落空。

despair 普通用词,指因灾难等因素而丧失希望和信心,陷入沮丧,绝望的境地。

desperation 语气强烈,指因绝望而使人采取无所顾忌的疯狂行动。

depression 侧重指因遭受重大失利或挫折而产生的低落情绪。

用法

作为名词时,最常见的用法是 in despair。

I spent hours trying to fix the TV, but gave up in despair.

I'm in despair.

Failures repeating failures throw him in despair but no one is capable of helping him.

还有一种名词用法 be the depair of sb。

He's the despair of his parents because he shows no interest in getting a job.

My handwriting was the despair of my teachers.

作为动词时,despair 是不及物动词 (Intransitive verb)

We should not despair.

Don't despair! We'll find a way out!

Despite his illness, Ron never despaired.

知识补充:despair在过去有及物动词的用法但已经过时了,字典上标记为obsolete. 不可当及物动词使用。

这里注意看例句,Ron never despaired 而不是说 Ron is never despaired。despaired不能作为形容词使用。Despair就人类而言,包含着主动的意味。例如 I danced. 不可以说 I was danced。说 I was danced· 这很可笑,不是吗?

说到这里可能会联想到 I was satisfied. Satisfy就人类,包含着被动的意味。某事/某物 satify 某人,所以某人 be satisfied。事实上 satisfied 在这里是当作形容词用的。这两个词的用法很不一样,不是吗?

如果要表示对某事/某人感到绝望,应该用词组 despair of

I despair of it.

If you despair of something, you feel that there is no hope that it will happen or improve.

If you despair of someone, you feel that there is no hope that they will improve.

华生在战场上中弹,在医院刚能活动,晒晒太阳的时候,又被伤寒击倒了,

这时,回过去头去看文章开头的例句:

For months my life was despaired of, and when at last I came to myself and became convalescent, I was so weak and emaciated that a medical board determined that not a day should be lost in sending my back to England.

几个月来 my life 也就是 Watson's life was despaired of. 这里是一个被动句式。

结合上下文这里指的是医生们 despaired of his life 时, 意味着 He wasn't expected to survive。

习题

◆但失败并没有使他绝望。

误:But failure didn’t drive him to despairs.

正:But failure didn’t drive him to despair.

析:despair(失望,绝望)是不可数名词。

◆他使许多别的钢琴家望尘莫及。

误:He is a despair for many other pianists.

正:He is the despair of many other pianists.

析:the despair of sb 是一固定结构,意为“令某人毫无办法” 或“令某人望尘莫及”。又如:This boy is the despair of all his teachers.(这个男孩使他所有的老师感到束手无策)。

◆他们不抱比赛获胜的希望。

误:They were despaired of winning the game.

正:They despaired of winning the game.

析:despair 用作动词,是不及物的,其意为“失望”、“绝望” 等,而不是“使失望”、“使绝望”,所以不用于被动语态。要表示“对...感到绝望或丧失信心”,其后通常用介词 of,又如:Never despair of success.(千成不要丧失获得成功的信心)。

despair的用法总结大全相关文章:

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