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一份满分的托福听力笔记是什么样的?这里正好有一份

时间: 楚薇20 分享

  托福听力考试中,要不要记笔记常常让很多考生纠结万分。音频信息转瞬即逝,如果做笔记,常常记了上一句,错过下一句;但是如果不记笔记,好像更是「雁过无痕」,什么信息也没记住。那么,为了取得理想的听力分数,到底要不要记笔记,又该如何记笔记呢?下文会为大家提供一个靠谱的答案。

  一份满分的托福听力笔记是什么样的?这里正好有一份~

  / 一定要记笔记 /

  具备了一定的听能基础之后,建议在听力训练和考试时做笔记。这么做的原因,首先取决于听力的考试特点:

  The listening section is divided into 2 separately timed parts. In each part you'll listen to 1 conversation and 2 lectures. You will hear each conversation or lecture only one time.

  听力考试共有两部分,每部分包含一个对话和两篇演讲,且只播放一遍。试想一下,短时间内听到大量音频信息(尤其演讲部分时间都在 5 分钟以上),如果不尝试用笔记下来,全靠脑记,几乎是无法实现的任务,因为人脑的短时记忆其实相当有限。

  另外,其实托福听力的 Listening Section Directions 部分也建议,在听的过程中可以适当做笔记,这样有助于答题:

  You may take notes while you listen. You may use your notes to help you answer the questions.

  除此之外,记笔记还有利于帮助考生梳理逻辑框架,记录有效信息和细节,避免虽然记住了只言片语却对做题没有帮助的情况出现。

  / 如何记笔记 /

  1. 选择一套顺手的笔记符号系统

  很多考生不愿记笔记原因都是担心记录笔记的瞬间会错过下一句话,这种担心不无道理。因此,做笔记前,选择一套得心应手的笔记符号系统非常必要。

  结合笔记符号和适当缩写,经过一段时间的笔记训练后,大家会发现一旦形成自己的笔记体系之后,记笔记并不耽误听和理解,而且能够有效帮助大家存储记忆和把握关键点。

  关于笔记符号,仁者见仁智者见智,大家完全可以有一套自己的符号系统,就像从事口译的高翻们,他们的笔记符号系统各不相同,但都坚守一个原则,就是高效且易辨识。

  也就是说,你所使用的符号能够帮助你高效地进行笔记记录,在回过头来重新看笔记时,你能够一眼反应出这些符号所代表的意思,而没有任何歧义。

  这就要求你在形成自己的符号体系时,需要注意以下两点。

  ① 在两个能够表示相同意思的备选符号中,选择能够最快书写的那个。(比如用 → 而非 ∵ 表因果)

  ② 一个符号固定地代表一个明确的意思。

  以下是一套比较高效的惯用笔记符号,大家可结合自己的习惯和书写特点参考使用。

  确定笔记符号系统后,针对听力的考查点,具体应该记些什么?

  2. 有目的地做笔记

  听力部分的笔记,并不是记得越多就越好,对于一些非重点的细节信息,记录下来作用不大,甚至会浪费时间。

  因此,知道每个考试部分应该记些什么非常重要。这就需要首先对听力考点有一个基本了解。只有知道听力考什么以及如何考,才能知道你的目标信息在哪里。听力常考内容如下:

  ① 明确指出或暗示性的主要观点和重要细节。

  ② 特定信息的作用(某一细节支持或复杂环节中的一个重要步骤)。

  ③ 各部分信息的关系(比如因果关系)

  ④ 作者的表达方式和目的(比如强调某一点,表达同意或者不同意,或者间接地表达某种意图)。

  ⑤ 整合分散信息,并在这些信息的基础上进行正确推理。

  所以,做笔记时,请大家务必注意以下关键点:

  ① 对话主题(把握整体方向)

  ② 重要细节(有些考点会考查细节的把握)

  ③ 合理的推理(把握说话者的态度和目的)

  ④ 逻辑提示词后面的重点信息(逻辑提示词 —— 如 but, because ... —— 后面常常会出现重要考点)

  需要特别注意的是逻辑提示词。逻辑提示词不仅能够提示各部分信息的关系,是大家把握文章逻辑脉络的关键,而且往往能够引出重要考点,比如作者态度、各信息关系等。

  下面的例子节选自托福 TPO 1 中的听力部分的一篇对话,以下笔记供大家参考。

  Student: I’m supposed to do a literature review for my psychology course, but I’m … having a hard time finding articles. I don’t even know where to start looking.

  Librarian: You said this is for your psychology course, right? So your focus is on …

  Student: Dream Interpretation.

  ...

  Librarian: Ok, actually, most of our materialsare available electronicallynow. You can access psychology databases or electronic journals and articles through the library’s computers, and if you want to search by titlewith the word ‘dream’ for example, just type it in and all the articles with ‘dream’ in the title will come up on the screen.

  Student: Cool, that’s great! Too bad I cannot do this from home.

  Librarian: But you can. All of the library’s databases and electronic sources can be accessed through any computer connected to the university network.

  最后,需要提醒广大考生的是,虽然笔记在听力考试中能够起到很好的辅助作用,但是笔记对考试有帮助的前提永远是你首先理解了听力中所讲的内容,且抓住了对话或演讲中的要点。

  否则,如果没听懂原文,只顾着记笔记,虽然记下了大量信息,但都是碎片化的,串联不起来,所以仍然不知道这个材料在说什么。这就得不偿失了。此外,在做听力部分的笔记时,需力求简洁,以防记笔记时错过太多听力内容。

  托福听力题目:学生网上注册学科

  回忆一:学生想在网上注册一个学科,但是选择不了,但是刚开始注册中心的人以为她不会注册就告诉她注册流程,学生表示知道怎样注册但是网上不能再选课了;工作人员建议选择下个学期的,因为课满了;但是学生表示自己要毕业了,没有时间,另外还要实习不能等。工作人员建议先把问题尽量反馈,会尽力帮助学生但是不一定能帮上,他有一个认识的朋友就是这么解决的。

  回忆二:学生想在网上选择一个学科,但是选择不了,但是当开始注册中心的人以为她不会注册就告诉她注册流程,学生表示知道如何注册但是网上已经不能再选课了;工作人员建议选下个学期的,因为课程已满;但是学生表示自己即将毕业,没有时间,另外还要实习经历也没有时间再等了。工作人员建议去找一个那个课程的教授,但是学生说教授在加拿大做研究;工作人员建议先把问题尽量发聩出来,他会尽全力去帮忙但是不知道是否可以帮的上,他有一个认识的朋友就是这么解决的。

  托福备考资料听力文科段子:传媒变迁

  Moving away from newspapers, let’s now focus on magazines. Now the first magazine was a little periodical called the Review and it was started in London in 1704. It looked a lot like the newspapers of the time, but in terms of its contents it was much different. Newspapers were concerned mainly with news events but the Review focused on important domestic issues of the day, as well as the policies of the government. Now, in England at the time, people could still be thrown in jail for publishing articles that were critical of the king. And that is what happened to Daniel Defoe. He was the outspoken founder of the review. Defoe actually wrote the first issue of the Review from prison. You see, he had been arrested because of his writings that criticized the policies of the Church of England, which was headed by the king. After his release, Defoe continued to produce the Review and the magazine started to appear on a more frequent schedule, about three times a week. It didn’t take long for other magazines to start popping up. In 1709, a magazine called the Tattler began publication. This new magazine contained a mixture of news, poetry, political analysis and philosophical essays.

  托福备考资料听力文科段子:电影艺术

  To get us started this semester I am going to spend the first two classes giving you background lectures about some basic cinematic concepts. Once you are a little more familiar with basic film terminology, we will be ready to look at the history of movies in the United States. You’ll be expected to attend showing of films on Tuesday evenings at 7 o’clock in Jennings Auditorium. That’s our lab. Then during our Wednesday seminar, we’ll discuss in depth the movie we saw the night before. We are not covering silent films in this course. We will begin with the first talking motion picture, The Jazz Singer, released in 1927. The next week, we’ll be looking at The Gold Diggers of 1933, a piece that is very representative of the escapist trend in films released during the depression. Some of the films we will be watching will probably be new to you, like Frank Capra’s Why We Fight. Others you might have already seen on TV like Rebel without A Cause starring James Deane, or Stanley Cooper’s Doctor’s Strange Love. However, I hope you see even familiar film with new eye. In the last three weeks of the course, we will be watching films from the 1980s and you’ll choose one of them as a subject for an extensive written critique. We’ll talk more about the requirements of the critique later in this semester.



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