Samoa Air Chief Executive Chris Langton said, “Planes are run by weight and not by seat. The plane can only carry a certain amount of weight and that weight needs to be paid.”He believes other airlines should adopt the policy.

　　It’ s not a new idea. I remember a newspaper columnist years ago who put forth the idea that the heavier among us should pay more for their seats on planes, trains and buses. Who hasn’ t been squeezed into a middle seat between two plus-sized folks on a flight? It’ s happened to me; one time my married seatmates had purposefully chosen their seats to have more space until a sold-out flight put me between them. Not one of my better flying experiences.

　　What if such a policy is adopted by some airlines in the United States? Could such pricing provide a much-needed motivation for Americans to reduce body weight? I hope so. But, as we know, more than one-third of us are obese and another third are overweight. The high probability is that the heavy customers will not s uddenly lose weight or stop flying, but will instead choose a different airline, simply moving the supposed problem elsewhere.

　　There's no doubt that the heavier will suffer more discrimination (歧视). Discrimination against the overweight in the United States has increased by 66 percent over the last decade —“and is comparable to rates of racial discrimination, especially among women,”wrote Yale University researcher Rebecca M. Puhl. Your weight can affect your salary, your chances for employment, how others view you and even, now, your air fares.

　　“If the policy succeeds it may encourage the spread of body discrimination across different industries and the wider culture,” said one British editorial writer. He holds that it is companies' duty to provide equipment that meet the needs of their customers.

　　And we'll see how effective it is as a business model.

　　32. In Paragraph 3, Chris Langton _____.

　　A. explained the reasons for the ticket policy

　　B. showed the difficulties of the ticket policy

　　C. expressed his doubt about the ticket policy

　　D. discussed the advantages of the ticket policy

　　33. If some American airlines adopt the ticket policy_____.

　　A. they will possibly lo se a lot of customers

　　B. there will be less overweight people

　　C. people will use other forms of transportation

　　D. the problem of overweight planes will be partly solved

　　34. The author mentions Puhl's study to show_____.

　　A. women are less likely to suffer discrimination

　　B. racial discrimination is getting worse nowadays

　　C. the ticket policy will have little influence on the obese

　　D. the ticket policy will make body discrimination more serious

　　35. Which best describes the British editorial writer's attitude to Samoa Air's policy?

　　A. Optimistic. B. Defensive. C. Disapproving. D. Casual.

　　【答案】AADC

　　【解析】

　　1.推理判断题。根据“Planes are run by weight and not by seat. The plane can only carry a certain amount of weight and that weight needs to be paid.” He believes other airlines should adopt the policy.可知Chris Langton认为飞机是根据重量而不是根据座位运行的。飞机只能承载一定的重量，因此要按体重收费。他认为其它的航空公司也应该采用这样的政策。根据意思可知Chris Langton是在解释这种按体重收费的政策。故选A项。

　　2.细节理解。根据第五段The high probability is that the heavy customers will not suddenly lose weight or stop flying, but will instead choose a different airline, simply moving the supposed problem elsewhere.可知采用这种政策最大的可能性就是那些体重大的顾客不会突然减肥或者停止飞行，相反而是选择不同的航空公司，所以采用这种政策的航空公司就会失去很多客户。故选A项。

　　3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知Puhl认为美国在过去的十几年内，相对于种族歧视而言，对体重的歧视已经上升了66%。体重会影响到你的薪水，你的就业机会，其他人看待你的方式以及你的航空费用。因此在这里是为了表明这样的机票政策会使体重方面的影响更加严重。故选D项。

　　4.观点态度题。根据最后一段“If the policy succeeds it may encourage the spread of body discrimination across different industries and the wider culture,”可知作者认为如果这种政策成功的话，可能会在不同的行业以及更广的文化中促使体重方面的歧视。因此作者对这种政策是持反对态度的。A项Optimistic意为“乐观的”;B项Defensive意为“防御的，自卫的”;C项Disapproving意为“反对的”;D项Casual意为“随便的”。故选C项。

　　【备注】这是一则议论文。主要讨论了美国航空公司根据顾客体重来购机票的政策，作者对此是持反对态度的。

　　第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　Thanks to the magic of the Internet, booking your yearly trip is just a few clicks away. But you may throw money away when you travel. Here are some o f the most common travel mistakes that waste your money and what you can do to fix them.

　　1.Not having travel insurance

　　36 But if Something bad does happen while you’re traveling and you aren’t covered(给……保险), you’ll be left paying thousands of dollars.

　　What you should do: 37 It only costs a few dollars a day and it offered through many of the credit card companies.

　　2. Mismanaging your money

　　Whether it’s by using traveler’s checks, or getting cash before you go，you don’t look for the best rates.

　　What you should do： 38 Check if your bank has a partner ATM network in the country you’re visiting and it may cost you nothing to take out local cash.

　　3. Booking too early

　　People get excited about their trip and, to make it real，book their flight right away. 39 Both area mistake.

　　What you should do：Book your flight about two to three months in advance to secure the lowest fares.

　　4. Asking where to eat the wrong way

　　Even if you’re doing the smart thing and asking locals，“Where should I eat?”you’re asking the question in a wrong way. 40 .

　　What you should do：It seems simple but asking，“Where do you eat?”means a world of differ ence. Instead of guessing what you might like, a local can direct you to a place he likes to visit

　　A.Get travel insurance!

　　B.Or they forget and wait until the last minute.

　　C.Use the ATM for cash and a credit card for all your shopping.

　　D.A lot of people think“I’m just going away for a short time.I’ll be fine.”

　　E.Call a hotel to see if they will have a lower rate than what you find online.

　　F.You will be sent to restaurants that loca1s think tourists would want to visit.

　　G.Visit the tourism board when you arrive as they are experts on your location.

　　【答案】DACBF

　　【解析】

　　1.后半句的意思是但是如果在旅行时有不好的事情发生，并且你也没有上保险，那么你就要付数千美元了。根据but可知前后句为转折关系，因此在意思上是相反的。故选D项，许多人认为“我离开的时间很短，我不会有事的”。这样前后句在意思上衔接紧密。

　　2.前面提到如果在旅行时有不好的事情发生，并且你也没有上保险，那么你就要付数千美元了，因此应该做的事情就是要买保险。故选A项。

　　3.横线后的句子为提示句。意思是使用ATM取出现金，使用信用卡去购物。看看你所要去参观的那个地方是否有你卡所在银行的ATM，这样就会毫不费事地从当地取到钱。

　　4.这一段是关于订机票的介绍。这两种做法是马上订机票或者一直等到最后一刻才去订，两种都是错误的。根据句意故选B项，与前后句在意思上衔接紧密。

　　5.根据小标题Asking where to eat the wrong way可知本段介绍的是和吃有关系的内容，再者根据横线前的句子，可知F项正确。

　　【备注】这是一则说明文。主要介绍了旅行中所出现的最常见的错误以及正确的做法。

　　高考历年真题英语第二卷

　　第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

　　第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)

　　阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

　　My whole life began to make more sense after I was diagnosed with Turner syndrome(特纳综合征)at 12. Before that, I 41 understood why when the rest of my classmates were growing like weeds, I 42 a seed stuck in the ground. I had always struggled being the 43 girl in my class and was known as “Shorty” . Though this 44 me deeply, I refused to let my classmates 45 my enthusiasm for school and learning. I 46 lots of after-school activities, though they sometimes presented problems. Because girls with Turner syndrome tend to have 47 coordination (协调), I hardly had any athletic ability. I loved to sing, but it proved 48 to share a microphone with a group of girls seven inches taller. Despite this, I 49 to drive myself to prove that heart and brains could make up for lack of 50 . Once diagnosed, I was given a 51 plan that involved daily growth hormone (激素) injections. I am the type of person who 52 a doctor's appointment for weeks in advance, 53 getting used to injections every day — and even worse, giving them to myself — was a true test of my character. 54 , I got over this difficulty and after five years, I have grown 11 inches. This was a(n) 55 response and I consider it my own little miracle. I am not 56 that I have Turner syndrome. It has built up my character and 57 me into the person I am today. I have learned that you need to try your best to 58 the difficulties in your life. Someone once told me, “No one can make you feel inferior (自卑) without your permission.”This statement has always 59 me and so I will journey on to the ne xt stage of my life with 60 and self-confidence.

　　41.A. sometimes B. always C. also D. never

　　42.A. dug B. remained C. searched D. shared

　　43.A. cleverest B. shyest C. shortest D. stupidest

　　44.A. touched B. helped C. hurt D. bothered

　　45.A. weaken B. check C. build D. develop

　　46.A. came up with B. looked forward to C. paid attention to D. got involved in

　　47.A. good B. physical C. poor D. personal

　　48A. difficult B. interesting C. popular D. important

　　49.A. stopped B. failed C. continued D. pretended

　　50.A. money B. power C. height D. time

　　51.A. diet B. study C. business D. treatment

　　52.A.knows about B. worries about C. waits for D. prepares for

　　53.A. but B. or C. until D. so

　　54.A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Meanwhile

　　55.A. wrong B. formal C. amazing D. complex

　　56.A. glad B. sure C. upset D. sensible

　　57.A. persuaded B. transformed C. forced D. pushed

　　58.A. overcome B. create C. ignore D. increase

　　59.A. shocked B. pleased C. inspired D. confused

　　60.A. love B. tear C. praise D. pride

　　【答案】DBCCA　　DCACC　　DBDBC　　CBACD

　　【解析】

　　1.考查副词。从后文可知，我由于得病，个子很矮。这句话表达的意思是在我被诊断出得病之前，我从来都不理解为什么当班里其他同学像杂草一样长时，我仍然像地里的一颗种子。sometimes有时;always总是;also也;never从不。根据句意及选项含义，故选D项。

　　2.考查动词。这句话表达的意思是在我被诊断出得病之前，我从来都不理解为什么当班里其他同学像杂草一样长时，我仍然像地里的一颗种子。dug挖;remained仍然;searched搜寻;shared分享。根据句意及选项含义，故选B项。

　　3.考查形容词。根据后半句 and was known as “Shorty” .可知我被称为“矮子”。cleverest最聪明的;shyest最害羞的;shortest最矮的;stupidest最愚蠢的。根据句意及选项含义，故选C项。

　　4.考查动词。同学们叫我“矮子”，这当然让我很受伤。touched触摸;helped帮助;hurt伤害;bothered打扰。故选C项。

　　5.考查动词。这句话要表达的意思是，虽然同学们取笑我，但是这并没有让我减少对学校和学习的热情。weaken减弱;check检查;build建造;develop发展。故选A项。

　　6.考查动词短语。前一句说我对学校和学习很有热情，因此应该是我参与许多课外活动。came up with想出，提出;looked forward to期待;paid attention to注意;got involved in参与。故选D项。

　　7.考查形容词。根据后半句I hardly had any athletic ability可知我身体的协调性不好。good好的;physical身体的，物质的;poor穷的，不好的;personal个人的。故选C项。

　　8.考查形容词。因为我很矮，所以和那些七英寸高的女孩共用一个麦克风是很困难的。difficult困难的;interesting有趣的;popular受欢迎的;important重要的。根据句意及选项含义，故选A项。

　　9.考查动词。这句话要表达的意思是，尽管如此，我依然没有放弃，我继续迫使自己前进，来证明心和大脑可以弥补身高的缺陷。stopped停止;failed失败;continued继续;pretended假装。根据句意及选项含义，故选C项。

　　10.考查名词。尽管如此，我依然没有放弃，我继续迫使自己前进，来证明心和大脑可以弥补身高的缺陷。money钱;power动力;height高度;time时间。故选C项。

　　11.考查名词。根据that involved daily growth hormone (激素) injections.可知我被安排治疗计划。diet饮食;study学习;business商业，生意;treatment对待，治疗。故选D项。

　　12.考查动词短语。根据后半句getting used to injections every day，可知我担心医生提前几周的安排。knows about了解;worries about担忧;waits for等待;prepares for为……准备。故选B项。

　　13.考查连词。我担忧医生提前几周的安排，因此习惯于每天注射。前后是因果关系。but但是;or否则;until直到;so所以。故选D项。

　　14.考查副词。根据I got over this difficulty and after five years, I have grown 11 inches. 可知我克服了这个困难，五年后已经长了11英寸了。因此与前面内容是转折关系。Therefore因此;However然而;Besides另外;Meanwhile同时。故选B项。

　　15.考查形容词。这是没有想到的结果，因此是令人吃惊的。wrong错误的;formal正式的;amazing令人吃惊的;complex复杂的。故选C项。

　　16.考查形容词。根据后半句It has built up my character可知我并没有对这个病感到失望难过。glad高兴的;sure确信的;upset难过的，不安的;sensible敏感的。故选C项。

　　17.考查动词。这句话要表达的意思是，它逐步建立了我的性格并且把我变成了今天的样子。persuaded说服;transformed改变;forced强迫;pushed推。故选B项。

　　18.考查动词。这句话要表达的意思是，你需要尽力去克服生活中的困难。overcome克服;create创造;ignore忽视;increase增加。故选A项。

　　19.考查动词。这句话总是鼓舞着我。shocked使震惊;pleased使高兴;inspired鼓舞;confused使困惑。故选C项。

　　20.考查名词。所填的词应该和self-confidence并列。love爱;tear泪水;praise赞扬;pride自豪。故选D项。指的是我要带着自豪和自信朝人生的下一个舞台前进。

　　【备注】这是一则记叙文。主要讲述了作者在患上特纳综合征后，并没有轻言放弃，而是克服了很多困难，最后终于取得了成功。

　　第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共50分)

　　第三部分：语言基础知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

　　第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

　　阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　Have you ever told a story about someone but forgotten his or her name? Not 61. ______ (worry)! In English, we have special names to replace it, so your story doesn’t come to a sudden stop.

　　In the US, if a name has been forgotten, 62. ______ (simple) say the name John Doe for a man, or Jane Doe for a woman. You can use these names for any situation where someone’s name is 63. ______ (miss). For example: “Did you see that guy who got wet 64. ______ the rain?” “Ah yes, poor John Doe.”

　　But 65. ______ exactly is John Doe? The name is not real. It first appeared around

　　66. ______ 14th century in English courts. It was used to protect the identity of certain people. Today, it is not used in England. Yet John Doe and Jane Doe are names used in legal courts in the US. 67. ______ are used when the identity of a person must not 68. ______ (give) away.

　　However in England, unknown people are called John Smith. This is 69. ______ John has always been one of the most common first 70. ______ (name) in English. And Smith is the most common family name. So next time you forget someone’s name, you know what to say.

　　【答案】61.to worry

　　62.simply

　　63.missing

　　64.in

　　65.who

　　66.the

　　67.They

　　68.be given

　　69.because

　　70.names

　　【解析】

　　1.考查日常用语。not to worry经常用于口语中，意为别担忧，没关系。可以看作是You needn’t to worry的省略形式。

　　2.考查副词。修饰动词say，应该用副词，故用simply。

　　3.考查非谓语动词。横线前的is为系动词，其后应接形容词作表语。miss为动词，形容词形式为missing，意为失踪的，丢失的。这句话的意思是在你不知道某个人的名字或者遗忘了某个人的名字的情况下，你可以使用这些名字。

　　4.考查介词。in the rain为固定短语，意为在雨中。

　　5.考查特殊疑问词。这句话要表达的意思是到底John Doe是谁?根据句意应用who。

　　6.考查冠词。它首次出现是在14世纪的英国法庭上。英语中世纪的表达方法为：定冠词+序数词+世纪。

　　7.考查代词。这里指代的内容是John Doe and Jane Doe，所以用They。

　　8.考查谓语动词。这句话的意思是当一个人的身份禁止被泄露时会用到这些名字。所以应该用被动语态且情态动词后be动词用原形。故用be given。

　　9.考查连词。前面那句话的意思是在英国，不知道的人却被叫做John Smith。后面是在说明原因，所以用because。

　　10.考查名词。one of+名词复数，表示……中的一个。故用names。这句话的意思为这是因为John在英国中总是最普通的名字之一。

　　【备注】这是一则记叙文。主要讲述了当你忘记或不知道某人的名字时，在英国可以用John Doe and Jane Doe来代替，但是在美国，经常用John来代替，并讲述了这些名字的来历。

　　第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)

　　第一节　短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

　　2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　It has been a long time since I did anything good for the environment. Feeling responsible to protect the environment, I decided to take the action again. I told my idea to my friends and we planned to plant tree on the hill in the countryside. We came to the foot of the hill and selected a place where looked suitably and settled down. We spend a few hours digging holes and placing the young seedlings. Then we wrote our wishes on cards one to one and buried it deep down the roots of the trees. We also took a lot of pictures. We were such busy that we didn’t realize that it was time to go back. I felt really glad that we made difference to the environment.

　　【答案】

　　It has been a long time since I did good for the environment. Feeling responsible to protect the environment, I decided to take the action again. I told my idea to my friends and we planned to plant on the hill in the countryside. We came to the foot of the hill and selected a place looked and settled down. We a few hours digging holes and placing the young seedlings. Then we wrote our wishes on cards one one and buried deep down the roots of the trees. We also took a lot of pictures. We were busy that we didn’t realize that it was time to go back. I felt really glad that we made difference to the environment.

　　【解析】

　　1.考查不定代词。anything一般用于否定句和疑问句中，肯定句中应使用不定代词something，故把anything→ something。

　　2.考查冠词。take action为固定短语，意为采取行动，故去掉the。

　　3.考查名词单复数。在山上种树，应是复数含义。故把tree改为trees。

　　4.考查定语从句的引导词。这个定语从句中缺少主语，先行词为a place，所以用关系代词that/which。

　　5.考查词性。look为系动词，所以其后应该用形容词作表语。故把suitably→ suitable。

　　6.考查时态。这是发生在过去的事情，所以要用一般过去时，故把spend →spent。

　　7.考查介词。one by one为固定短语，意为逐一地，一个一个地。这句话的意思是我们逐一在卡片上写上我们的愿望。

　　8.考查代词。这里指的是把我们的愿望卡埋在树下，指代的是cards，因此应该用复数，所以把it → them。

　　9.考查固定搭配。so+adj./adv.+that表示如此…以至于…，busy为形容词，所以把such→ so。

　　10.考查冠词。make a difference为固定短语，意为有所不同，有所影响。所以made 后加a。

　　【备注】这是一则记叙文。主要讲述了作者为了保护环境，和朋友们一起到山上种树的事情。

　　第二节　书面表达(满分25分)

　　假定你是李华，你们班就“高一新生是否有必要进行为期一周的军训”进行讨论。请你给你校英文报的编辑写一封电子邮件，反映你们的讨论情况。

　　1.支持者85%，理由…….

　　2.反对者15% 理由…….

　　3.你的看法…….

　　注意：1.参考词汇 military training军训

　　2. 词数100左右;

　　Dear editor,

　　I’m writing to tell you something about the discussion on whether it is necessary for senior one students to take the one-week military training.

　　Yours,

　　Lihua

　　【答案】

　　Dear editor,

　　I’m writing to tell you something about the discussion on whether it is necessary for senior one students to take the one-week military training. Different students hold different attitudes to it/Students’ views on it vary from person to person.

　　Some hold that it is necessary. On one hand, it can improve student’s teamwork spirit, which will play an important part in their life and study. On the other hand, there is no doubt that they become stronger physically and mentally through the training.

　　However, the others have opposite views. They think it is a waste of time. Besides, students get burnt easily without any protection in the sun.

　　As far as I’m concerned, though we may feel tired during the training, it goes without saying that the one-week military training is meaningful.

　　【解析】

　　略

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