英语高考真题百度文库2017及英语联考考试试卷(2)

　　Section B

　　Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

　　(A)

　　It’s not easy being a teenager – nor is it easy being the parent of a teenager. You can make your child feel angry, hurt, or misunderstood by what you say without realizing it yourself. It is important to give your child the space he needs to grow while gently letting him know that you’ll still be there for him when he needs you.

　　Expect a lot from your child, just not everything. Except for health and safety problems, such as drug use or careless driving, consider everything else open to discussion. If your child is unwilling to discuss something, don’t insist he tell you what’s on his mind. The more you insist, the more likely that he’ll clam up. Instead, let him attempt to solve things by himself. At the same time, remind him that you’re always there for his should he seek advice or help. Show respect for your teenager’s privacy. Never read his mail or listen in on personal conversations.

　　Teach your teenager that the family phone is for the whole family. If your child talks on the family’s telephone for too long, tell him he can talk for 15 minutes, but then he must stay off the phone for at least an equal period of time. This not only frees up the line so that other family members can make and receive calls, but teaches your teenager moderation (节制). Or if you are open to the idea, allow your teenager his own phone that he pays for with his own pocket money or a part-time job.

　　66. The main purpose of the text is to tell parents ______.

　　A. how to get along with a teenager B. how to respect a teenager

　　C. how to understand a teenager D. how to help a teenager grow up

　　67. What does the phrase “clam up” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

　　A. become excited B. show respect

　　C. refuse to talk D. seek help

　　68. The last paragraph is about how to teach a teenager ______.

　　A. to use the phone in a sensible way B. to pay for his own telephone

　　C. to share the phone with friends D. to answer the phone quickly

　　69. What should parents do in raising a teenager according to the text?

　　A. Not allow him to learn driving or take drugs.

　　B. Give him advice only when necessary.

　　C. Let him have his own telephone.

　　D. Not talk about personal things with him.

　　B

　　Troubled by the poor performance of their investments, many people are taking steps to stop decrease of their savings and rethink their financial plans. They are not sure what to do to maximize returns in light of stock market fluctuations, new tax laws, low interest rates and skyrocketing real estate values. “People are afraid of making a mistake and losing more money,"” says financial counselor Denise Hughes. "The do-it-yourself investor of the 1990s is more comfortable now doing nothing." But doing nothing isn't better than doing something smart, especially as college, weddings and retirement loom. Here's what financial advisors are recommending to their clients:

　　Plan for financial aid

　　Most parents don't save nearly enough for children's education. They assume that investing in a 529 college plan is the best place for your savings. While a 529 plan offers tax-free growth and withdrawals for college costs, colleges look at these savings when evaluating their qualification and how much they will hand over. Do save aggressively for college in a taxable account in your name if your household income is below $ 100,000. In this case, your child will likely qualify for some financial aid. Do invest in a 529 savings plan if your income is higher than 0,000 and will likely remain at or above that level when your child enters college. In this case, the 529 plan is great because you probably won't qualify for financial aid anyway.

　　Expect ups and downs

　　Annoyed by three straight years of stock market declines, many people have been shifting to lower-risk investments. But just as taking too much risk can hurt your portfolio's(投资组合) growth rate, so can hiding out in excessive safe investments paying 1% or less.

　　Do consider investing in funds that you'll hold on to for more than a year. Under the new tax law, long-term capital gains are taxed at a maximum of 15%, down from 20%. Do look at stock funds that pay dividends (红利). Dividends on stocks used to be taxed at your personal income tax rate. Under the new law, they are now taxed at no more than 15%. Investing in these funds will not only hold down taxes but also sustain your portfolio's value in tough times.

　　Forget high fees

　　Over the next ten years, achieving the kind of double-digit returns we experienced over the past 20 years will be much harder. In the 1990s, the average rate of return for a portfolio allocated (配给) 60% to stocks and 40% to bonds was 13.2% after taxes and transaction expenses. Over the coming decade, this rate is expected to be closer to 5.5%. Don't pay unnecessarily high investment costs and fees. For example, if you can save half a percentage point on your fund expense ratio(the fee that funds charge you each year to manage your money), your average investment return could be 6% instead of 5%.

　　70. Which of the following is NOT true about the investors of the 1990s?

　　A. They might need professional help.

　　B. They live a comfortable life now with nothing to do.

　　C. They are afraid of making wrong decisions and losing money.

　　D. They are trying to protect what they make and save rather than taking risks.

　　71. According to the passage, a 529 savings account ______.

　　A. is the best choice for low-income families

　　B. offers tax-free growth and withdrawals

　　C. works best for those who are not qualified for financial aid

　　D. should start in your child's name

　　72. According to the expert, which of the following can help your portfolio's return rate to grow?

　　A. Allocating 40% of your portfolio to stocks and 60% to bonds.

　　B. Hiding out in ultra-safe investments paying 1% or less.

　　C. Investing long term in funds that pay dividends.

　　D. Making high-risk and high-return investments.

　　73. On average, according to the experts, how much can you expect of an investment return in the near future?

　　A. Below 1%. B. About 6%. C. Above 8%. D. Close to 13.2%.

　　C

What are feelings for? Most nonscientists will find it a strange question. Feelings justify themselves. Emotions give meaning and depth to life. They exist without serving any other purposes. On the other hand, many evolutionary biologists acknowledge some emotions primarily for their survival function. For both animals and humans, fear motivates the avoidance of danger, love is necessary to care for the young, and anger prepares one to hold ground. But the fact that a behavior functions to serve survival need not mean that. Other scientists have regarded the same behavior as conditioning and learned responses. Certainly reflexes(反射) and fixed action patterns can occur without feeling or conscious thought. A baby seagull pecks(啄) at a red spot on the bill(喙) of its parent. The seagull parent feeds its baby when pecked on the bill and the baby gets fed. The interaction need have no emotional content.

　　At the same time, there is no reason why such actions cannot have emotional content. In mammals that have given birth including humans, milk is often released automatically when a new baby cries. This is not under intended control but it is reflex. Yet this does not mean that feeding a new baby is exclusively reflex and expresses no feeling like love. Humans have feelings about their behavior even if it is conditioned or reflexive. Yet since reflexes exist and conditioned behavior is widespread, measurable, and observable, most scientists try to explain animal behavior by using only these concepts. It is simpler.

　　Preferring to explain behavior in ways that fit science's methods most easily, scientists have refused to consider any causes for animal behavior other than reflexive and conditioned ones. Scientific orthodoxy (正统) holds that what cannot be readily measured or tested cannot exist, or is unworthy of serious attention. But emotional explanations for animal behavior need not be impossibly complex or unstable. They are just more difficult for the scientific method to check on in the usual ways, so cleverer and more skillful approaches are called for. Most branches of science are more willing to make successive evaluation of what may prove ultimately unknowable, rather than ignoring it altogether.

　　74. The example of the baby seagull pecking the parent’s bill is used to support that ______.

　　A. it is an inborn ability for adults to look after the young

　　B. behaviors can be learned and involve no emotions

　　C. emotions are of great importance for survival

　　D. it takes time for animals to be conditioned

　　75. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?

　　A. Breast-feeding a baby is conditioned or reflective but have no emotional connection.

　　B. Reflexes and conditioning will lead to a better understanding of animal emotions.

　　C. Scientists usually apply reflexes and conditioning in explaining animal behaviors.

　　D. Many evolutionary biologists believe that emotions are to some degree for survival.

　　76. To study animal emotions, scientists should ______.

　　A. analyze human emotions

　　B. distinguish what is emotional

　　C. set up improved experiments

　　D. learn from animal behaviorists

　　77. What is the author’s main purpose of writing this passage?

　　A. To illustrate that emotions are worth our attention.

　　B. To compare human emotions with animal emotions.

　　C. To discuss the importance and usefulness of emotions.

　　D. To explain what reflexive and conditioned behaviors are.

　　Section D

　　Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

　　“In Scotland, illness treatment is considered urgent; in Canada, it's considered inevitable. However in America, it is resource-consuming.” Though the remarks seem like jokes, real data support the point. Medicare statistics, for example, reveal that we Americans lead the world in the amount of medical services used during the last six months of a person's life. Senior citizens here are big consumers of healthcare, using ambulances three times as often as seniors elsewhere. Commercial insurance data point to similar patterns in the healthcare of the younger population too, a ground few would argue against.

　　What explains such a phemonemon? There is plenty of blame to go around. Both physicians and patients have referred to a "more is better" approach that adds cost without necessarily leading to better outcomes.

　　In the past, doctors in fee-for-service systems have been suspected of doing too much testing to generate more income. Now new networks track doctors' treating record in the hope to discourage unnecessary testing. Patients, on the other hand, are worried about denial of services. Doctors can find themselves caught in a bind between anxious and worrying patients and insurance networks that dismiss doctors with inefficient practice patterns.

　　Upset factors, such as malpractice concerns and falling fees, among which the worsening doctor-patient relationship tops the ranking list— are contributing to the nation's increasing shortage of primary-care doctors.

　　Is there a better way to do this, without limiting a patient's choice or lowering the quality of healthcare?

　　One solution is that we can introduce care organizations, which have the goal of improving both patients' health outcomes and the efficient use of resources. Like an HMO, this new kind of care organization involves networks of doctors, hospitals and patients. By carefully balancing care among doctors computerized medical records to identify the appropriate use of services, it encourages preventive care and measure quality.

　　Given the obvious benefits during its pilot time, we are also encouraged to look at the program called Choosing Wisely. The program is aimed at encouraging both physicians and patients, with the help of professional model, to carefully consider the wisdom of medical procedures. In most cases, useless procedures are not only wasting money, but also subjecting patients to additional risk without the potential to improve their health.

　　(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

　　78. Commercial insurance data are mentioned in the first paragraph to show that ______.

　　79. Patients’ ______ attitude towards medical care caused today’s overtreatment.

　　80. What is the leading reason for the lack of primary-care doctors?

　　81. What are the two methods to fight the overtreatment problem?

　　第II卷 (共47分)

　　I. Translation (22 分)

　　Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

　　1. 现在人们越来越关注青少年的心理健康。(pay)

　　2.据文献记载，这个地区历史上发生过多次大的地震。(occur)

　　3. 网民们都希望每年“双十一”之后能更方便地享受网店的优质服务。(access)

　　4. 迄今虽说屡屡采取严控措施，就是工资收入较高的人仍然觉得难以承担目前的高房价。

　　5. 旅游业飞速发展时，只有把游客的利益放在首位，旅行社才能吸引并留住游客。(Only)

　　II. Guided Writing (25分)

　　Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

　　网上一份“美国孩子家务清单”引起了热议：13岁以上，换灯泡，擦玻璃，清理冰箱、炉台和烤箱，做饭，修剪草坪……

　　请联系你自己对家务的承担，谈谈你对此问题的看法。你的作文需包括：

　　● 描述美国孩子的家务清单;

　　● 对比你自己的家务承担;

　　● 简要谈谈对此问题的看法。

　　参考答案

　　I. Listening: 1-5 BABAC 6-10BCDAC

　　11-13BCD 14-16 CCA

　　17. 10:30 18. noise 19. flexible 20. agrees/agreed

　　21. in a library 22. was sleeping 23. find a topic 24. customs and buildings

　　25. must 26. than 27. to deal with 28. was associated 29. who 30. while 31. performing 32. how

　　33. used 34. saying 35. an 36. lowest 37. Since 38. have often reflected 39. because 40. mine

　　41—45 FBIAH 46—50 GKCJD

　　51—55 ACDCA 56—60 BDBBA 61—65 ABCDD

　　66—69 DCAB 70—73 BCCB 74---77 BCCA

　　78. the young are big consumers of healthcare too

　　79. “More is better”

　　80. The worsening doctor-patient relationship.

　　81. Care organizations and the program called Choosing Wisely.

　　1. 现在人们越来越关注青少年的心理健康。(pay)

　　Now more and more people pay more and more attention to teenagers’ mental health.

　　3.据文献记载，这个地区历史上发生过多次大的地震。(occur)

　　It is recorded in the document that a lot of severe earthquakes occurred in this area in history.

　　3. 网民们都希望每年“双十一”之后能更方便地享受网店的优质服务。(access)

　　Netizens all hope that they can have easier access to the quality service of online shops after November 11th, every year.

　　4. 迄今虽说屡屡采取严控措施，就是工资收入较高的人仍然觉得难以承担目前的高房价。(though)

　　Though severe / strict control measures have been taken repeatedly / again and again by now / up to now, even those with high income still feel / find it difficult / hard to afford the current high housing prices.

　　5. 旅游业飞速发展时，只有把游客的利益放在首位，旅行社才能吸引并留住游客。(Only)

　　Only by putting the interest of customers in the first place can a travel agency attract and hold/keep tourists when tourism is developing at great speed.