2019中考英语情态动词的知识点复习
2019中考英语情态动词的知识点复习
英语的情态动词本身有一定的词义，表示 语气的单词，下面学习啦小编为大家带来了2019中考英语情态动词的知识点复习，欢迎阅读!
情态动词表推测的用法小结
(一)情态动词表推测的三种句式
1.在肯定句中一般用must (一定)，may(可能)，might / could(也许，或许)。
(1)He must/may/might know the answer to this question?
他一定/可能/也许知道这个问题的答案。
(2)It is cold in the room. They must have turned off the heating.
屋里很冷，他们肯定把暖气关了。
2.否定句中用can’t / couldn’t(不可能), may not/might not(可能不)。
(1)It can’t/couldn’t be the headmaster. He has gone to America.
这不可能是校长，他去美国了。
(2)He may not/might not know the scientist. 他也许不认识那位科学家。
3.疑问句中用can/could (能……?)。
(1)Could he have finished the task? 他可能把任务完成了吗?
(2)Can he be at home now? 他现在能在家吗?
注：以上三种句式中情态动词的语气按程度都是依次递减的。Might, could并非may, can的过去式，而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小。
(二)情态动词表推测的三种时态
1.对将来情况的推测，用“情态动词 + 动词原形”。
(1)She must / may / might / could arrive before 5. 5:00前她一定/可能/也许到。
(2)She must/may/might/could walk miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone.
她一定/可能/也许会在山里一连走好几英里而遇不到一个人。
2.对现在或一般情况的推测，用“情态动词 + be”，“情态动词 +be doing”或“情态动词 + 动词原形”。
(1)He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now.
他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机。
(2)He can’t ( couldn’t ) / may ( might ) not be at home at this time.
这个时候他不可能/可能不在家。
(3)Mr. Bush is on time for everything .How can ( could ) he be late for the opening ceremony ?
布什先生一向准时，这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢?
3.对过去情况的推测，用“情态动词 + have +过去分词”。
(1)It must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet.
地湿了，昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了。
(2)The door was locked. He can ( could ) not / may ( might ) not have been at home .
门锁着，他不可能/可能不在家。
(3)Can / Could he have gotten the book?
难道他找到书了吗?
注：情态动词 should /ought to表推测时，意为“想必会，理应……”但与“have +过去分词”连用时，则又可构成虚拟语气意为“本应该做某事却没做”。例如：
(4)It’s seven o’clock. Jack should/ought to be here at any moment.
现在七点钟了，杰克理应随时到达。(推测)
(5)She should / ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in hospital. (虚拟) 她本该出席你的生日晚会的，可是她得在医院照顾她妈妈。
(6)Tom should not /ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm. (虚拟) 汤姆本不该告诉我你的秘密，可是他并无恶意。
情态动词重点疑难
1.need和dare的用法
need和dare既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时，主要用于否定句和疑问句。用作实义动词时，可用于各种句式。
1.用作情态动词
--Need I come? --Yes, you must. --我需要来吗? --需要。
You needn´t telephone him now. 你现在不必打电话给他。
I don´t think you need worry. 我想你不必发愁。
She dare not go out alone at night. 她晚上不敢一个人出去。
How dare you say I´m unfair? 你竟敢说我不公平?
Not one of them dared mention this. 他们谁也不敢提这件事。
2.用作实义动词
You don´t need to do it yourself. 你不必亲自做这件事。
We need to tell them the news. 我们需要把这消息告诉他们。
We should dare to give our own opinion. 我们要敢于提出自己的观点。
He did not dare (to) look up. 他不敢抬头看。
I dare say he´ll come again. 我想他会再来的。 (cI dare say…为固定习语)
情态动词几组词的辨异
1. can 和be able to
1)情态动词can只有两种时态形式，现在式can和过去式could，而be able to有多种时态形式。
Mary can play the piano. She has been able to play it since she was 5.
玛丽会弹钢琴。她五岁起就会弹了。
2)用在过去时中，could经常表示能够做某事，事实上不一定去做，而was∕were able to则表示“过去做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。
He could swim across the English Channel. But he didn´t feel like it that day.
他能游过英吉利海峡，但那天他不想游。
Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain. 昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里。
2. must和 have to
must表示主观意志，而have to表示由于客观因素不得不做某事。must没有过去式，除在间接引语中可用于表示过去时间，在直接引语中表示过去时间应该用had to代替。
I told her that she must give up smoking. 我叫她必须戒烟。
We had to get everything ready that night. 我们那晚得把一切准备就绪。
3. would和used to
1)used to表示过去与现在或过去某时与后来的情况有不同，而would只表过去的情况。People used to think that the earth was flat.
过去人们认为地球是平的。(现在人们不这么认为。)
She would go out for a walk in the morning when she was in the country.
在乡下时，她总是在早晨去散会儿步。(可能现在仍有散步的习惯。)
2)used to可表示过去的习惯动作和经常的情况，而would只表示过去的习惯动作。
He used to ∕would smoke while writing. 过去他写东西时常抽烟。
She used to be fat. 她过去很胖
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