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初二英语必备知识点:被动语态的动词

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初二英语必备知识点:被动语态的动词

  虽然英语语法对很多同学来说是一件难事,只要掌握好方法,依然可以克服语法这座大山。下面是学习啦小编收集整理的初二英语《被动语态的动词》的必备知识点以供大家学习。

  初二英语必备知识点:被动语态的动词

  主动语态比被动语态直接而有力,多用主动语态,可以使文章充满朝气,呈现活力。在下列两组句子中, (b)比(a)有力:

  (1)a.My first visit to New Zealand will always be remembered by me.

  b. I will always remember my first visit to New Zealand.

  (2)a.The crowing of cocks could be heard at dawn.

  b. The cocks' crow came with dawn.

  虽然如此,在某些情况下,非用被动语态不可。前此已提过这事,这里不再重述。这里只有指出其中一点,就是有些动词,如 "base, schedule, expect, suppose" 等,通常以被动语态形式出现。

  例如:

  (1)This survey was based on facts.

  (2)The last train is scheduled to leave at 9pm.

  (3)You are expected to come on time.

  (4)All are supposed to work hard.

  除了上述这些动词之外,还有十种,几乎都以被动式出现。

  (一)有关“疾病”的动词,如:

  (1)Helen's left lung is infected.

  (2)He is confined to the house by illness.

  (3)The old man was seized with sudden chest pains.

  (二)有关“疲乏”的动词,如:

  (4)I am completely exhausted after the game.

  (5)Tom was done up after the race.

  (三)有关“喜乐”的动词,如:

  (6)The children were fascinated by the toys.

  (7)We were delighted to hear the good news.

  (8)I am very pleased to see you here.

  (四)有关“延迟”或“障碍”的动词,如:

  (9)The workers were held up by the heavy rain.

  (10)The road was blocked by ice.

  (11)The train was delayed by 30 minutes.

  (五)有关“惯性动作”的动词,如:

  (12)Tom is addicted to smoking.

  (13)Foreign workers are quite used to hard work.

  (六)有关“烦恼”或“焦急”的动词,如:

  (14)Who was upset by John?

  (15)Mother was annoyed to know this.

  (七)有关“惊奇”或“震惊”的动词,如:

  (16)I was surprised to see him here.

  (17)All were shocked to hear the bad news.

  (八)有关“包围”的动词,如:

  (18)The troops were surrounded.

  (19)Troy was besieged.

  (九)有关“沾污”或“污化”的动词,如:

  (20)Judy's reputation is tarnished.

  (21)The water was contaminated with oil.

  (十)有关“害怕”或“混乱”的动词,如:

  (22)All were frightened out of their wits.

  (23)He was puzzled about what to do next.

  初二英语必备知识点:连接词及其用法

  从结构上说,英语连接词分两大类:并列连词(coordinating conjunctions)和从属连词(subordinating conjunctions)。

  并列连词连接两个或两个以上地位平等的字、词组或分句。例如:(1)Air and water are indispensable to me.

  (2)She likes going out with friends or playing outdoor games.

  (3)Most workers have a good income, so they look very happy.

  从属连词连接两个或两个以上的分句,形成复杂句中的从属分句。例如:

  (4)He said that he did not want to go .

  (5)Many things have happened since I last saw him.

  (6)You may come if you want to.

  上述连词的用法,看起来不难,但错误也难免。下面是些好例子:

  (1)This book may be used both as a text as well as a reference book.

  这里的“as well as”和“both”不能搭配,应该将“as well ”改为“and”,使“both……and……”变成关联连词( correlative conjunction)

  (2)He not only speaks Mandarin but also English.

  这里的“not only”应该移到“speaks”后面,使这个动词兼顾两个等立宾语:“Mandarin”和“English”。

  (3)Although he is fat, but he is very weak.

  英语里的“although”和“but”是不见面的 ,因此这句里的“ but”要去掉,不然“although”就要出来。

  (4)Jim is not so strong like you.

  这里的“not so”必须和“as”连成一体;介词“like”是不适宜的。

  (5)No sooner had we reached our destination, they left.

  "No sooner"必须和"than" 配成关联连词,把"than" 省掉是不对的,应该补上:

  No sooner had we reached our destination than they left.

  这句子的意思也可透过“as soon as”反映出来:

  “As soon as we reached our destination, they left.”

  (6)I took a taxi and which took me to the station.

  这里的并列连词“and”是多余的,必须去掉。如果要保留“and ”也可,但是形容词分句里的关系代词“Which”要改成主语“it” ,使整个句子变成并列分句如下:

  I took a taxi and it took me to the station.

  (7)My friend came up to me and held my hand, said good-bye excitedly.

  这里的“and”应该用来连接最后两个谓语才对:

  My friend came up to me, held my hand, and said good-bye excitedly.

  不然,就要把“said”改成“saying”。

  My friend came up to me and held my hand, saying good-bye excitedly.

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