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大学英语六级长对话听力得分技巧分享

时间: 小洁21242 分享

  对于大学英语六级的考试,我相信很多同学对于长对话都是又怕又讨厌的,但没办法,有时候既然我们绕不过它,那我们就打败它。今天小编为同学们带来关于六级长对话的听力技巧,希望可以帮助到同学们。

  长对话

  本部分共包含两篇对话,每篇对话的长度在250~300词之间,对话后有8道多项选择题,要求考生在听到问题后从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。从题型上看,每篇对话中可能有一个考查对话主题的试题,其余为具体细节的试题,并且问题和选项大部分都经过同义转述,即没有直接使用原对话中的句子,因此这部分试题有一定的难度。从内容上看,一般涉及社会生活、校园生活、工作商务等方面,对话中的语言有些具有专业性,不是普通的口语词汇。

  3大常考场景

  1. 社会生活

  社会生活类题材一般是围绕某个与社会生活有关的话题来展开,一般涉及的情景包括购物、休闲、家庭生活、时尚和社会热点等。

  2. 校园生活

  校园生活指发生在校园内的一些话题,题材与学生的学习和生活密切相关。它涉及专业的选择、课程与教学情况、宿舍的管理、作业或论文、假期安排、学生中普遍存在的现象、师生对话或是学习中出现的问题等内容。

  3. 工作商务

  工作商务类题材主要涉及求职招聘、面试以及工作安排变更或工作中出现的问题等内容。而一般在听力考试中工作商务类题材的情景设置多以招聘、面试、工作安排、工作交流以及商务谈判为主。

  5大设题点

  开头处设题

  如果将长对话比作一场战争,那么开头处历来是兵家必争之地。并且长对话开头部分一般会涉及谈话主题。

  例1: What is the woman doing?

  A) Having her bicycle repaired. C) Lecturing on business management.

  B) Conducting a market survey. D) Hosting an evening TV program.

  原文: W: Good evening, and welcome to this week’s Business World, the program for and about business people. Tonight, we have Mr. Steven Kayne, who has just taken over and established a bicycle shop. Tell us, Mr. Kayne, what made you want to run your own store?

  答案: D)。对话开始,女士说欢迎大家来到本周的“商业世界”,并介绍说这是一个面向商业人士的节目。由此可知,女士在主持节目,故答案为D)。

  干扰信息处设题

  这种出题思路不难理解,长对话内容多,信息量大,每一个细节都可能成为出题的地方。这类题目的四个选项如果不仔细区分很容易混淆。因此解答这类题目时,要充分预览所给选项,并在听音时适当做笔记。

  例2: What does the woman say about the steel-related manufacturing in the region?

  A) It has gradually given way to service industry.

  B) It remains a major part of industrial activity.

  C) It accounts for 80 percent of the region’s GDP.

  D) It has a history as long as paper processing.

  原文:W: Well, the main activities in the region were historically steel and paper processing, I think.

  M: Yes, but I’m not quite sure about the status of those industries now. Could you tell us something about that?

  W: Yes, of course. In fact, they are less significant. But steel-related manufacturing still accounts for 44% of industrial activity, so it’s still very important. In fact, 80% of Spain’s machine tools are from the Basque Country. As for paper processing, there’s still a little. But it’s no longer what it once was in the region. So, is that clear?

  M: Yes, thanks.

  答案: B)。对话中女士在介绍本地区与钢铁相关的制造业时提到,这一产业现在占工业活动的44%,虽然地位有所下降,但仍然非常重要,换句话说,它仍然是该地区工业活动的重要组成部分,故答案为B)。

  信息集中处设题

  谈话双方交谈最热烈的地方往往也是设题的热点所在,并且因为其信息较集中,往往会多次设题。因此就要注意,除做好听音前的预览选项、听音时的适当笔记外,还需要对整个对话内容有较好的把握,在细节信息集中的地方认真聆听。

  例3: What does the man say about an element of stress in his job?

  A) It is something inevitable. C) It takes patience to manage.

  B) It is frustrating sometimes. D) It can be a good thing.

  原文: W: Would you consider changing your job because of the high-stress factor?

  M: I have considered leaving my job due to stress-related factors. However, I do think that an element of stress is a good thing, and if used in the right way, it can actually be a positive thing.

  答案: D)。问题中的关键信息提示词是 element of stress,男士说他觉得压力的确很大,甚至想过不干了,但他同时认为有压力是个好事情,如果能够正确对待压力,把压力处理好,还可以对工作有积极的作用。因此,D)为答案。

  对整个对话的理解设题

  主要考查对长对话的整体理解。通常提问谈话人主要交谈了什么内容,或某一方的观点、态度或行动。这类题解题的根据主要有四点:一是根据对话的开头判断该对话的主要内容;二是根据对话的结尾判断对话的主题;三是根据对话中多次出现的主要信息做合理的判断;四是通过预览选项进行合理的推理排除。

  例4: What problem are the speakers discussing?

  A) The man has sent the order to the woman by mistake.

  B) Some of the telephone systems don’t work properly.

  C) Some of the packs do not contain any manuals.

  D) The quality of the goods is not up to the standard.

  原文: W: What can I do for you?

  M: Well, unfortunately, there is a problem with the order we received from you yesterday. It seems we’ve not received the right quantity of manuals to support the telephone system.

  W: Oh, dear, that’s bad news. I’m very sorry to hear that, and you don’t know how many packs are without manuals?

  M: No, because we haven’t opened every pack. But in several of those that have been opened there are none. No manuals.

  答案: C)。本题的关键词是 manual,出现的问题并非在于产品的质量,而是缺少使用手册,故C)为答案。

  时间数字处设题

  对话中出现年代、时间、价格等数字信息的地方,也经常是长对话设题的重点。但要注意,一般都是考查与数字相关的细节信息,而单纯考查数字的题目并不常见。

  例5: What does the woman say about her evening class?

  A) It is scheduled on Thursday night. C) It takes place once a week.

  B) It is supposed to last nine weeks. D) It usually starts at six.

  原文: M: Can I ask you about your evening class? What class do you go to?

  W: Car maintenance.

  M: What night of the week is it on?

  W: Wednesday night.

  M: And how long does it last?

  W: Well, it’s supposed to start at 6:00, but that’s a bit of problem because people have difficulty getting through the traffic. So we start at 6:30 and then it goes on until 9 o’clock.

  答案: C)。男士希望了解女士夜校课程的一些情况,在了解到女士所学内容为汽车保养后,男士问到上课时间,女士说是周三晚上。由此可知,女士所选的课程一周只上一次,故答案为C)。

  4大高分技巧

  多练、勤练

  想要考好听力测试一定要有些听力基础才行,因此考生平时需要多加练习。熟能生巧是亘古不变的真理。

  注意总结场景词汇

  听力考试的材料一般是现实生活中的场景再现。因此考生在做完一篇听力对话的试题后,一定要总结一下场景词汇,善于积累,培养语感,以后再遇到这类场景,就有了词汇基础和知识背景,听起来就会轻松很多。另外,若发现同一场景下的新词汇,还可以添加到词汇记录中去。经过一定量的练习,大家会发现有些场景是经常出现的。

  以下是几种场景中常见的商业词汇:

  市场营销: business competition, competitor, advertise, advertisement, newspaper, TV commercials, business strategy, proposal, marketing, keep ahead of, aggressive

  生产成本管理: lower the cost of production, worth, benefits, the expense of modernization, investments, repair, up-to-date, install, equipment, factory, finance, draw up a budget, afford

  人力资源管理: personnel manager, employ, employee, staff, retrain, promote, engineer

  听前浏览选项,进行合理预测

  养成利用播放答题指示语的时间快速浏览选项的习惯,这样做有两个作用:一是可以带着问题去听录音,增强听音的目的性和对相关信息的敏感度;二是可以利用相关场景词汇来推测对话的内容。如果熟悉类似于上面的场景词汇,我们就能较轻松地解答有关对话主题的试题。

  例6: A) He is the chief designer of the latest bike model.

  B) He has completed an overseas market survey.

  C) He is the Managing Director of Jayal Motors.

  D) He has just come back from a trip to Africa.

  预览四个选项可知,均是以He开头,由此可推断,此题考查对某位男士的描述,因此听音过程中应注意对话中与He有关的描述,He可能指男士说话者或对话中提到的其他男士。再结合选项中出现的designer, model, market, Director等词可以推测,对话内容与商业贸易有关,可能涉及设计产品模型、投放市场等方面。

  原文: M: Well, my father-in-law, who is also the Managing Director of Jayal Motors, has given me two weeks to prepare a report on the possibility of moving into the export market.

  Q: What do we learn about the man’s father-in-law?

  答案: C)。根据题干可知,选项中的He指代男士的岳父,男士明确提到他的岳父是Jayal Motors的总经理,故答案为C)。

  利用一些常识和潜在规律来猜题

  我们在应考时要想方设法多答对试题,对于那些在考场上无法完全听懂对话内容的考生,以下这些常识和潜在规律就比较有用。其实,所谓的潜在规律就是那些由应试高手总结的、未必科学却很实用的答题方法。

  (1) 符合生活常识和积极向上的选项可能是答案。

  因为我们社会的主流是积极向上的,大学生是社会的未来和希望,理应受到正面和积极的教育。

  例7: A) The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.

  B) A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.

  C) The entire staff should be retrained.

  D) Better-educated employees should be promoted.

  我们可以进行如下分析:A)不太可能是答案,因为开除一个人事经理不是一件积极的事情;B)有可能是答案,使工厂更现代化符合积极的原则,因为工厂现代化可以提高生产能力;C)符合积极向上的原则,但是和生活常识不太相符,因为让所有的员工都接受再培训似乎不太可能;D)不太可能是答案,因为它不符合常识,按照常理,在工作中表现好、有能力的人才应该被提拔,而不是受到较好教育的员工应该被提拔。因此,B)最有可能是答案。

  (2) 对于涉及对话主题的试题,概括性强的选项可能是答案。

  例8: A) The benefits of strong business competition.

  B) A proposal to lower the cost of production.

  C) Complaints about the expense of modernization.

  D) Suggestions concerning new business strategies.

  本题的提问涉及对话的主题,所以我们就应找概括性强的选项,B)是概括性最不强的一个,可以首先将其排除;根据常识我们知道激烈的市场竞争对企业来说一般没有多少益处,所以排除A);再根据积极向上原则,抱怨的内容不大可能是答案,所以C)也不大可能是答案。因此D)最有可能是答案。

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