托福写作有哪些技巧及注意事项
托福写作答案没有唯一性，这对于考生来说有利也有弊;然而关于如何备考呢?下面小编给大家带来托福写作有哪些技巧及注意事项。
托福写作有哪些技巧及注意事项
1. 首先用三分钟时间阅读一篇学术式短文。
2. 然后再听一段相同主题的讲演。
3. 最后用二十分钟写一篇针对短文和讲演的总结性文章，一般要求二百个字左右。
举一具体的例子，先有一篇美国独立战争短文，再听一段关于独立战争的讲演。然后要求“Summarizing the information provided in the passage and the lecture, describe the important features of the Civil War”.
我们在面对这种新型的写作考试时，一定要注意以下几点：
1. 无论是在阅读短文还是聆听讲演，都必须要做笔记(新托福考试的全过程都允许做笔记)。
2. 短文与讲演虽然是同一主题，但内容一定有所不同，甚至观点相左。
3. 作文中总结短文和讲演的观点时，不要仅仅把所看到的和所听到的简单地复制。而是尽可能地使用自身语言来表达，比如使用同义词，改变句子结构等。这样不但可以显示应试者对短文和讲演的理解程度，而且也展现应用英文的能力。
4. 尽量完整地总结出短文和讲演中的主要信息，并进行综合。如有必要，还要将短文和讲演中的不同观点进行比较。
5. 除非专门要求，不要发表自己的观点，只是进行客观的总结。这一点与独立型的作文恰恰相反。
尽管托福综合型写作对我们提出了新的挑战，但是我们只要掌握它的要求和应对方法，通过一定的培训和练习，就一定可以攻克它。
托福写作考前和考中的备考策略
独立写作部分
考试前
写作题库，练习得越多，这一部分越容易获得满分。而且第一部分的成绩如果高了，那么即便第二部分成绩稍微低一点，最终的平均分也不会太低。如果考生想在第一部分获得高分，首先要做的就是熟悉作文考试可能涉及到的话题，反复阅读若干遍，以熟悉所有话题。
考试中
要求与综合写作一样。另补两点：
1.仔细阅读问题，一定要答为所问。在开始写作之间，一定要花点时间理解问题，明确要求你做的是什么。
2.写任何概括性句子，都要提供论据支持。对任何概括性句子，你都应举出例子、原因、事实或个人信息予以支持。
综合写作部分
考试前
1.熟悉指令。
每场考试的指令都是相同的，因此考试时没有必要花时间仔细阅读指令。考试之前，你一定要对考试指令娴熟在心。
2.迅速提高记笔记的能力。
在托福写作综合部分中，考生必须能够准确复述Lecture中的主要信息以及它们间的逻辑联系，因此，速记的能力就很重要了。学习并熟悉一些简单的速记技巧会使考生在考场上获得更多的相对优势。不要尝试逐字逐句地记录，在不影响记忆情况下，单词可以采取缩写。用各种符号去表达文章的逻辑关系。
考试中
1.利用过渡词使你的回答连贯。
如果能显示出回答的观点是如何相互关联的，你的回答就更易被读懂、理解。
2.指令一出来就立刻跳过。
你对指令应该已很熟悉，因此只要指令一出现就立刻用鼠标点Continue，将你的时间省下来用在答题上。如果综合写作任务的内容你并不熟悉，不要担心。所有你需要回答的信息都包含在段落里。回答这些问题不需要有任何背景知识。
3.坚持使用你所知道的词汇、句子结构和语法点。
这时不是你尝试新词汇、句子结构和语法点的时候。注意显示在计算机屏幕上标题栏内的时间。该标题栏显示本节考试所余时间、本节问题的总数、你所做问题的总数。
4.仔细地阅读材料。
你只有有限的阅读时间。阅读段落时，仔细记笔记。注意主要观点和主要的支持信息。不要写下你读到的所有内容。不要写下太多不必要的细节。
5.仔细听。
每段你只能听一次。考试时你不能重复这些段落。边听边仔细记笔记。不要写下你听到的所有内容。不要写下太多不必要的细节。主要要记下所听材料的要点即可。
6.组织自己的回答。
回答应包括说明阅读段落和听力段落之间关系的主题句、支持主题句的重要材料、关于阅读材料的一个段落、关于听力材料的一个段落。
在写完作文的时候，一定要记得留3-5分钟来检查自己的句子结构、语法使用及单词的拼写等问题，这样才能保证得到更高的分数。
托福写作的结尾方法探究
托福考试写作结尾段有那些构成要素呢?
1. 再次陈述主题。用 paraphrase 方式再次呈现主题陈述中出现的三要素: a.问题中存在争议的地方; b.观点;c.理由。
2. 结束句。放在陈述完主题之后。
托福写作辅导提出结尾段结束句的三种常见写法：
一. 托福作文的最后总结教训或提出建议
In conclusion, whether to imitate or vary from others to achieve success, it hinges mostly on the occupations we engage in. For jobs like doctors that require routine practices, it is unnecessary for them to make alterations to become successful. Whereas artists like painters whose works are characteristic of creativity and imagination, it is of crucial importance to distinguish from others to succeed.
二. 提出令人忧虑的结果或可能出现的负面结果
假设读者没有想作者说的那样去做，在结论中提出将会出现的负面结果，帮助读者预见到令人忧虑的后果，进而令读者自然第接受作者的意见。
e.g., To summarize, on one hand, for artists who are fortunate to profit immensely from their occupation, it is unnecessary for the government to offer additional financial incentives for them. On the other hand, government should provide financial support and appropriate policies to impoverished artists who engage in conventional craftsmanship because these are viewed as national treasure and cultural heritage of the country. If the government did not support those unfortunate traditional artists, the valuable conventional forms of arts would disappear very soon.
三. 提出问题留待读者思考
In conclusion, it is inevitable for children to commit mistakes at a young age, parents should play their part to instill the importance of good behaviors in their children. Parents should allow children to make small mistakes as a meaningful learning experience. However, what would be like if parents permit their children to commit serious mistakes like theft and robbery?
结尾段常用表达方式：
Finally, thus, in a word, in brief;
In conclusion, to conclude, in the end;
In the final analysis, in a nutshell, on the whole;
To summarize, to encapsulate, in sum, in summary
In light of these facts, considering these ideas
托福写作范文：老年人也应该和年轻人一样学习新事物
托福独立写作题目 Independent Writing:
It is as important for older people to study or learn new things as it is for younger people.
托福独立写作范文
As people age, they tend to become more and more set in their ways. When we are young it is easy to revise our beliefs and adopt new perspectives, but over time, our thinking slowly becomes rigid. But just because this phenomenon is the norm doesn't mean that it's ideal. There are some advantages to more rigid thinking, but I think it's a good idea for old people to continue acquiring new knowledge.
For one thing, an increasing number of medical studies show that staying mentally active can help prevent dementia and Alzheimer's disease. When you keep your brain engaged, you can build reinforce the connections between brain cells or perhaps even create new ones. This is possibly why Alzheimer's occurs less in populations with higher levels of education. Thus, in order to live a longer and healthier life, it is recommended that elderly individuals continue to pursue cerebral activities like learning new things. Learning has tangible health rewards.
For another thing, continuing to acquire new knowledge will keep elderly individuals emotionally present and connected to the world. When people enter the later stages of their lives, they tend to stop adapting to societal development. Changes in society can seem to come swiftly and without warning, and upon feeling overwhelmed by the sudden alienness of the world around them, many will choose to retreat into their minds to live in simpler, more familiar times. These individuals stop trying to learn to use new technologies or grasp new ways of interacting, and so they become out of touch with those around them. A grandfather unwilling to use Skype to communicate with his grandchildren on the other side of the world, for example, will live a more emotionally impoverished life. So by continuing to acquire new knowledge, elderly individuals can better maintain their connections to others.
Granted, non-stop learning can be tiring and time consuming. There is a prevailing belief that old age is the time to relax and let go of such potentially stressful endeavors, and that the consequences of putting learning on hold are acceptable and even inevitable for old people. I can sympathize with this view—after a lifetime of exertion, people deserve to finally kick back—but in the end, I think that continued learning will lead to an overall increase in the quality of life for elderly individuals. Learning will require some exertion, but how enjoyable will life be if you're too senile or out-of-touch with loved ones to appreciate it? In the end, keeping your brain active will ensure that you can enjoy the time you have left to the fullest.
People generally accept that the older we get, the less new knowledge we acquire. People also generally accept that older people inevitably mentally degenerate and lose touch with society. If we do not relinquish the pursuit of knowledge in old age, however, then we do not have to resign ourselves to senility and alienation.
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