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新概念英语第一册知识点

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新概念英语第一册知识点

  英语教材是英语课程标准的理念的体现,是英语课堂教学的首要载体,是英语课程实施的焦点和中枢。新概念英语第一次有哪些知识点呢?接下来学习啦小编为你整理了新概念英语第一册知识点,一起来看看吧。

  新概念英语第一册知识点:完成时

  在完成时构成:主语+助动词have, has+过去分词

  用法:

  1) 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作,常和just, usually, already, since等时间副词连用

  I have just had lunch. (饱了,不用再吃了)

  He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了,不用再喝)

  They have already had their holiday. (不能再度假了)

  The boy has already read the book. (已经知道书的内容了,不用再看了)

  2) 询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时:

  Have you finished your homework?

  Have you been to Beijing?

  Have he seen the film?

  3) 表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作

  I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.

  I have worked for this school for 1 year.

  4) 表示一种经历,经验:去过…地方,做过…事情,经历过…事情

  I have never had a bath.

  I have never seen a film.

  I have never been to cinema.

  I have ever been to Paris.

  Have been to表示去过,have gone to 表示去了

  I have been to London.(人已经回来)

  He has gone to London.(人还在那里)

  5) 表示一种结果, 一般不和时间副词联用

  I have lost my pen.

  I have hurt myself.

  He has become a teacher.

  She has broken my heart.

  句型变化:

  ★变疑问句将助动词移到句首,变否定句在助动词后面加not.

  e.g. Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.

  ★肯定回答及否定回答

  Yes, I have. No, I have not.

  ★特殊疑问句:

  What have you done?

  What has he done?

  一般过去时与现在完成时的区别:

  凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时

  注意:有些动词表示的动作有一个终点,不能再延续,因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用

  错:I’ve left Beijing for 3 days.

  对:I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days.

  新概念英语第一册知识点:动词的变化

  1)代词及be动词

  主格 I we you you she/he/it they

  宾格 me us you you her/him/it them

  代词所有格 my our your your her/his/its their

  名词性代词 mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirs

  be动词现在时 Am are are are is are

  be动词过去时 was were were were was were

  2)名词的复数

  规则变化的名词复数形式

  规则1 一般情况+s e.g. shell→shells toy→toys

  规则2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾+es e.g. fox→foxes church→churches

  规则3 以o结尾+s或+es e.g. radio→radios potato→potatoes

  规则4 以f, fe结尾的,变f, fe为ves e.g. life→lives half→halves

  规则5 以辅音字母+y结尾, 变y为i+es e.g. sky→skies study→studies

  3)动词的第三人称单数形式

  规则1 一般情况+s e.g. like-likes, look-looks

  规则2 以s, x, ch, sh和o结尾+es e.g. do-does, catch-catches

  规则3 以辅音字母+y结尾, 变y为i+es e.g. carry-carries, fly-flies

  4)动词现在分词

  规则1 一般动词加-ing e.g. look-looking, read-reading, play-playing

  规则2 以不发音的字母结尾的单词去e加-ing e.g. make-making, take-taking, arrive-arriving

  规则3 重读闭音节词结尾, 即单词中只有一个元音字母,其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词,双写辅音字母再加-ing e. g. run-running, sit-sitting, get-getting, swim-swimming, stop-stopping

  5)动词过去式

  规则动词变化

  规则1 一般动词加-ed e.g. look-looked, watch-watched, play-played

  规则2 以e结尾的加-d e.g. make-maked, arrive-arrived

  规则3 以辅音字母y结尾的变y为i加-ed cry-cried, carry-carried

  规则4 重读闭音节词结尾, 即单词中只有一个元音字母,其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词,双写辅音字母再加-ed stop-stopped

  过去式的读音

  在清辅音后面(除外)读/t/ e.g. walked, jumped

  在浊辅音和元音后读/d/ e.g. washed, watched

  在/t/,/d/后读/id/ e.g. waited, hated

  6)形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

  比较级

  规则1 一般加-er e.g. high-higher

  规则2 以e结尾加-r nice-nicer

  规则3 以辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i再加-er busy-busier

  规则4 重读闭音节结尾, 双写辅音字母再加-er fat-fatter

  最高级

  规则1 一般加-est e.g. high-highest

  规则2 以e结尾加-st nice-nicest

  规则3 以辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i再加-est busy-busiest

  规则4 重读闭音节结尾, 双写辅音字母再加--est fat-fattest

  7)常见缩写:

  is='s I am=I'm are='re

  is not=isn't /iznt/ are not=aren't /a:nt/

  do not=don't

  does not=doesn't

  was='s

  did not=didn't

  can not=can't

  have='ve

  has='s

  have not=haven't

  has not=hasn't

  will='ll

  will not=won't

  shall not=shan't

  新概念英语第一册知识点:倒装句

  完全倒装:又称"全部倒装",是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。也就是谓语+主语+……

  理论的东西说多了大家迷糊,其实我们通常见到的There be句型就是完全倒装句

  ①There be(的各种形式)+主语(+地点或时间状语)

  例子:

  There was problem between us.我们俩之间曾经有矛盾

  There are ducks swimming in the river.河里有很多鸭子在游

  ②副词小品词+谓语动词+名词主语+……

  例子:

  Out runs a lady.跑出来一位女士

  Away flew the birds.鸟儿飞走了

  ③过去分词或现在分词+be的各种形式+主语+……

  例子:

  Standing beside the table was his wife.站在桌子旁的是他的夫人

  需要注意的是,某些副词开头的句子构成的完全倒装here、there、now、then、thus等副词开头的句子可构成完全倒装。条件是谓语动词是不及物动词,如arise、be、come、exist、go、follow等。需要注意的是,当主语是代词时,不能构成倒装。(方位词在句首,主语是名词,全部倒装)

  例子:

  Here comes Harry Potte.哈利波特来了。

  Here it is.在这里。

  Here is your bag.这是你的包,根据语境还可翻译为给你包。

  部分倒装(PartialInversion)(又称半倒装句):指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did,并将其置于主语之前。

  表示强调倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下:

  1.only+状语或状语从句置于句首,被该状语修饰的句子用部分倒装。

  例子:

  Only in this way can you solve this problem.

  只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。

  Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.

  只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。

  2.hardly,in no way,little,scarcely,seldom, never,no more,no longer,not,not only,no sooner,not only…(but also),not until…等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。

  例子:

  No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

  我刚到家就下起了雨。

  Seldom do I go to work by bus.

  我很少乘公共汽车上班。

  Not until twelve o'clock did she go to bed last night.

  她昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。

  3.so/such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so/such和that之间的部分。

  例子:

  So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.

  他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌。

  To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out.

  她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于那两个演员都走出去了。

  以上各例都用倒装语序突出了句首成分,其语气较自然语序强烈,因而具有极佳的修辞效果。


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