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英语-ing式的语态知识讲解

时间: 文渊1131 分享

  -ing式的语态

  大多数时候,-ing式使用主动语态形式,少数时候使用被动语态形式。

  (1)当-ing式前面没有his, him之类物主代词或者名词所有格作它的逻辑主语时,-ing式被动语态的逻辑主语一般就是该句的主语。

  Jack avoided speaking rudely.

  杰克避免讲话粗鲁。

  (speaking的逻辑主语就是句子的主语Jack)

  Having stood two hours, she wanted to sit down.

  站了2个小时,她想坐下了。

  (Having stood的逻辑主语就是句子主语she)

  She sat on the sofa watching TV.

  她坐在沙发上看电视。

  (watching TV的逻辑主语是句子的主语she)

  (2)-ing式的逻辑主语是这个-ing式动作的承受者时,-ing式要用被动语态形式。

  Everyone enjoys being praised.

  每个人都喜欢受表扬。

  (Everyone是praised的承受者)

  The man was lying on the couch being examined.

  那人躺在床上接受检查。

  (The man是examined的承受者)

  I found him being criticized by his father.

  我发现他正受父亲的批评。

  (him是criticised的承受者)

  Their being awarded encourages everyone else.

  他们所受的奖励鼓励着所有其他人。

  (Their=Them是awarded的承受者)

  注意:

  当主语是物体,谓语是need, want, require, deserve时,作宾语的-ing式用主动式代替被动式,因为被动式稍嫌啰嗦。

  The TV set needs repairing now.

  这电视机需要修理了。

  =The TV set needs being repaired now.

  The walls wants to be whitewashing.

  墙壁需要粉刷了。

  = The walls wants to be whitewashed.

  The food requires to be heating.

  这个食品需要加热。

  = The food requires to be heated.

  此外,形容词worth后面也接-ing式的主式代替被动式,而worthy后面则要用不定式的被动语态,或者of加-ing式的被动语态。

  This movie is worth seeing.

  这电影值得看。

  = This movie is worth to be seen.

  This computer is worthy buying.

  这台电脑值得买。

  =This computer is worthy to be bought.

  = This computer is worthy of being bought


  本文作者:丹丹英语(公众号:英语语法学习)

  本文已获转载授权,版权归作者所有,如需转载,请联系原微信公众号“英语语法学习”。

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